Versatile Polymeric Biomaterials

多功能高分子生物材料

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04762
• 负责人: Zhu, Julian
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=669881
• 关键词: Versatile; Polymeric; Biomaterials

The use of natural compounds can help to improve the biocompatibility and bioacceptance of polymeric biomaterials in their applications. Conjugating signaling agents for cellular recognition is of importance for such materials. We plan to design, synthesize and characterize new polymers containing moieties of natural biocompounds such as bile acids and saccharides and test them for their intended applications. **Oligosaccharide units often serve as signaling agents in cellular membrane for the recognition of cells. Synthetic glycopolymers containing pendant saccharide moieties may be used as multivalent natural oligosaccharide mimics in biological and biomedical applications such as macromolecular drugs and drug delivery systems. We intend to systematically explore the use of glycopolymers with sugar residues designed for cellular interactions and targeted drug delivery. Living radical polymerization methods will be used to make block copolymers with bile acid unit in the more hydrophobic block and with sugar residues such as derivatives of glucosamine in the second block. The properties of such polymers will be studied and optimized for their intended applications.**We have used anionic polymerization method to make block copolymers and would like to expand its use to make a variety of star-shaped copolymers and oligomers followed by functionalization of the end groups or the side groups by attaching glycol-residues/oligosaccharides for use in cellular recognition. In this case, we plan to use cholic acid, one of the major bile acids, as the core to initiate the polymerization and vary the length of the blocks to obtain copolymers with balanced amphiphilic properties. These polymers are expected to possess responsiveness to changes in temperature, pH and ionic strength and may be tested for use as biosensors and drug delivery vehicles.**We would continue to explore the use of enzymes such as lipases in the preparation of degradable polymers through entropy-drive ring-opening polymerization of macrocyclic monomers derived from natural compounds. The use of enzymes can replace the use of catalysts based on heavy metals, ridding the polymers free of residual metals and thus making them more biocompatible. The polymers are known to be useful as shape-memory materials. Our recent discovery of the multiple-shape memory effect of such polymers will be further studied to optimize the molecular design of the polymers and to understand the structure-property relationship.**This research work will help to build a library of new materials suitable for use in tissue engineering, bioseparation, biosensing and drug delivery. The characterization and physico-chemical study of the new polymers should provide an understanding of the properties of materials related to their chemical structures and compositions. The biocompatibility of some of the materials will be tested. The materials will be tested and optimized for their intended applications. We expect that the results obtained are useful and important to both fundamental and practical aspects of polymer chemistry and materials science. The interdisciplinary nature of the proposed work provides an ideal training environment for students in chemistry and biomaterials.

天然化合物的使用有助于提高高分子生物材料的生物相容性和生物可接受性。缀合用于细胞识别的信号传导剂对于这样的材料是重要的。我们计划设计，合成和表征含有天然生物化合物（如胆汁酸和胆固醇）部分的新聚合物，并测试它们的预期应用。** 寡糖单元通常用作细胞膜中的信号传导剂，用于识别细胞。含有侧链糖部分的合成糖共聚物可用作生物学和生物医学应用如大分子药物和药物递送系统中的多价天然寡糖模拟物。我们打算系统地探索使用的糖残基设计的细胞相互作用和靶向药物输送的糖共聚物。活性自由基聚合方法将用于制备在更疏水的嵌段中具有胆汁酸单元并且在第二嵌段中具有糖残基如葡糖胺的衍生物的嵌段共聚物。这些聚合物的性能将进行研究，并针对其预期应用进行优化。我们已经使用阴离子聚合方法来制备嵌段共聚物，并且希望将其用途扩展到制备各种星形共聚物和低聚物，然后通过连接二醇残基/寡糖来官能化端基或侧基以用于细胞识别。在这种情况下，我们计划使用胆酸，一种主要的胆汁酸，作为核心，引发聚合，并改变嵌段的长度，以获得具有平衡的两亲性的共聚物。预计这些聚合物对温度、pH值和离子强度的变化具有响应性，并且可以测试用作生物传感器和药物递送载体。我们会继续探索使用酶（例如脂肪酶），通过熵驱动开环聚合天然化合物衍生的大环单体，制备可降解聚合物。酶的使用可以取代基于重金属的催化剂的使用，使聚合物不含残留金属，从而使它们更具生物相容性。已知这些聚合物可用作形状记忆材料。我们最近发现的这种聚合物的多重形状记忆效应将进一步研究，以优化聚合物的分子设计并了解结构-性能关系。这项研究工作将有助于建立一个适用于组织工程，生物分离，生物传感和药物输送的新材料库。新聚合物的表征和物理化学研究应有助于了解与其化学结构和组成有关的材料特性。将对一些材料的生物相容性进行试验。这些材料将根据其预期应用进行测试和优化。我们期望得到的结果是有用的和重要的基础和实践方面的高分子化学和材料科学。拟议工作的跨学科性质为化学和生物材料学生提供了理想的培训环境。