Standardization of embedded plates for steel-concrete connections in builinds

在建筑物中，混凝土和钢构件之间的连接通常使用预埋板，预埋板由钢板和锚（钢棒）浇筑在混凝土构件中组成。然后可以将钢固定装置焊接到板上，使钢构件（例如工字钢）连接到混凝土上。虽然这些板的强度在设计规范中有很好的描述，但它们是如何加载的却没有。即使在同一家工程公司，每个项目的嵌入式钢板设计都不一样，因为工程师们在设计它们时应该抵抗哪些力的问题上存在分歧。这导致在设计办公室设计板材、在钢车间制造板材以及在现场安装板材时，时间和成本的使用效率低下。该项目旨在通过开发和验证新的标准化板来提高建筑的成本效益，这些板可以整合到许多不同的项目中，消除当前实践中典型的冗余设计和施工过程。拟议的项目包括计算机模拟和测试受典型加拿大建筑荷载条件影响的嵌入式板。结果将总结为一种格式，可以适应用于现代三维建筑设计软件。研究结果将减少设计、制造和安装这些板所花费的时间。这些成果将使所有建筑项目的利益相关者受益，从在设计阶段节省时间的设计工程师，到可以更快地制造标准化部件的钢铁制造商，到缩短建造时间和减少现场冲突的承包商，以及从降低成本中受益的业主。

In buildings, connections between concrete and steel members are commonly made using embedded plates, which consist of a steel plate with anchors (steel rods) cast into a concrete member. Steel fixtures can then be welded onto the plate to allow steel members (e.g., I-beams) to be connected to concrete. Although the strength of these plates is well described in design codes, how they are loaded is not. Embedded plates are designed differently from one project to the next, even within the same engineering firm, because engineers disagree on which forces they should be designed to resist. This leads to poor use of time and higher costs associated with designing plates in design offices, fabricating plates in steel shops, and installing plates on-site.This project aims to improve the cost-effectiveness of buildings by developing and validating new standardized plates that can be incorporated across many different projects, eliminating the redundant design and construction process typical of current practice. The proposed project includes computer simulations and testing of embedded plates subject to loading conditions experienced in typical Canadian buildings. The results will be summarized in a format that can be adapted for use in modern three-dimensional building design software. The study results will reduce the time spent designing, fabricating, and installing these plates. These outcomes will benefit all building project stakeholders, from design engineers who save time at the design phase, to steel fabricators who can more quickly fabricate standardized parts, to contractors who see decreased build times and fewer on-site conflicts, and owners who benefit from lower costs.