Dynamics of the Earth, planets and exoplanets: Applications of numerical modelling to the geomagnetic field, planetary dynamos and planetary atmospheres

地球、行星和系外行星的动力学：数值模拟在地磁场、行星发电机和行星大气中的应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05387
• 负责人: Heimpel, Moritz
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678669
• 关键词: Dynamics; Earth; planets; exoplanets; Applications

The evolution and dynamics of planetary bodies are governed by heat flow, fluid motions in the presence of planetary rotation, and electromagnetism where the electrical conductivity is sufficiently high. I propose to carry out research in three main areas of planetary fluid dynamics, addressing a range of fundamental questions for terrestrial and giant planets: dynamics of the terrestrial planet dynamos (Mercury, Earth and early Mars), focussing on Earth's core and evolution of its magnetic field over multiple timescales; interaction of vortices, zonal flows, and the deeper dynamos of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; and interaction of zonal flow and dynamo action in extrasolar planets, with focus on Jupiter-sized bodies in orbits relatively close to their parent star. This research program involves theoretical and numerical modelling of deep flow and convection, and generation of global magnetic fields. Our ongoing goal is to advance understanding and solve current scientific problems in Earth and planetary dynamics. This has resulted in major papers published in a diversity of journals such as Nature, Nature Geoscience, Geophysical Research Letters, Astrophysical Journal, and others, that advance the understanding of the dynamical evolution of several of the solar system planets, particularly Mercury, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, as well as exoplanets.******Much of this research program benefits from collaborations with local and global partners: 1. Dynamics of Planetary Interiors. Primary collaborators and institutes: Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (CIG), Professor Jonathan Aurnou at UCLA, USA, Professor Johannes Wicht at the MPI for Solar System research, Germany, and Thomas Gastine at the Institute de Physique du Globe, in France. These collaborations involve theoretical and numerical modelling of fluid dynamics and magnetohydrodynamics applied to planetary atmospheres and interiors. Applications include the generation of Mercury's global magnetic field via dynamo action, and the dynamical relationship between zonal flows and deeper dynamos in giant planets. 2. Collaboration with Michael (Ted) Evans (U of A) and Lauri Pesonen (Helsinki) combines 3D numerical models of the geodynamo with observations of the Earth's magnetic field over various timescales. We use observational data sets, which include a variety of sources such as satellite data, navigational and other historical measurements, archeomagnetic and lake bed sedimentary data. For longer term observations we use paleomagnetic data. 3. All of these projects are supported by NSERC and by Compute Canada, which provides the use of shared and distributed memory supercomputers. The collaboration with CIG and Jonathan Aurnou is additionally supported by the USA Argonne National Laboratory computing facility.

行星体的演化和动力学受热流、行星自转时的流体运动以及导电率足够高的电磁作用的支配。我提议在行星流体动力学的三个主要领域开展研究，解决类地行星和巨行星的一系列基本问题：类地行星发电机(水星、地球和早期火星)的动力学，重点是地核及其磁场在多个时间尺度上的演变；涡旋、纬向流以及木星、土星、天王星和海王星等更深层次的发电机之间的相互作用；以及太阳系外行星中纬向流和发电机作用的相互作用，重点是木星大小的天体在离其母恒星相对较近的轨道上。这项研究计划包括深部流动和对流的理论和数值模拟，以及全球磁场的产生。我们的持续目标是促进对当前地球和行星动力学科学问题的理解和解决。这导致了在各种期刊上发表的重要论文，如《自然》、《自然地球科学》、《地球物理研究快报》、《天体物理杂志》等，这些论文促进了对太阳系几颗行星，特别是水星、地球、木星、土星、天王星和海王星以及系外行星的动力学演化的理解。*这项研究计划的大部分受益于与当地和全球合作伙伴的合作：1.行星内部的动力学。主要合作者和研究所：地球动力学计算基础设施(CIG)，美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的Jonathan Aurnou教授，德国MPI太阳系研究中心的Johannes Wicht教授，以及法国地球物理研究所的Thomas Gastine。这些合作涉及应用于行星大气和内部的流体动力学和磁流体动力学的理论和数值模拟。应用包括通过发电机作用产生水星的全球磁场，以及巨型行星中纬向流与更深层次发电机之间的动力学关系。2.与Michael(Ted)、Evans(U Of A)和Lauri Pesonen(赫尔辛基)合作，将地球发电机的3D数值模型与不同时间尺度上的地球磁场观测相结合。我们使用观测数据集，其中包括各种来源，如卫星数据、导航和其他历史测量、古地磁和湖床沉积数据。对于更长期的观测，我们使用古地磁数据。3.所有这些项目都得到了NSERC和加拿大计算机公司的支持，后者提供共享和分布式存储超级计算机的使用。与CIG和Jonathan Aurnou的合作还得到了美国阿贡国家实验室计算设施的支持。