Biological activity and mechanisms of peptides derived from oat proteins

燕麦蛋白肽的生物活性及作用机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06407
• 负责人: Tsopmo, Apollinaire
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=680328
• 关键词: Biological; activity; mechanisms; peptides; derived

*The ability of the human body to maintain a redox balance is compromised in the presence of excess oxidant molecules. This can occur when oxidized foods is consumed, during infection or exposure to transition metals all of which, increased the production of reactive oxygen species (i.e. free radicals). This redox imbalance is involved in the etiology of several chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and macular degeneration. Compounds that have antioxidant activities can prevent oxidative deterioration of foods and also reduce the risk factors associated with the above chronic ailments. Although, the consumption of cereals is correlated with a decreased incidence of some of age-related diseases, the nature of food ingredients responsible for the observed effects and their mechanisms of action are not well defined. **The aim of this research is to identify bioactive peptides in grains and to determine their mechanism of action at the cellular level in order to elucidate the active elements that contribute to disease prevention. Increased utilization of oat seeds for fibres extraction leaves behind a high protein residue about 50% by weight that will be used as sources of new bioactive peptides to prevent the deterioration of foods, to reduce oxidative stress and ultimately improve Canadians' health. The approach will include optimum extraction of proteins and subsequent enzymatic digestion; separations and identification of peptides; and the determination of chemical descriptors responsible for activities. It will also determine the localization of peptides and their interaction with phospholipids in cellular models as well as peptide metabolites. Advantages of using peptides as antioxidant substances in food systems include their additional nutritional functions. The results will lead to a development of model to study the antioxidant properties of food-derived peptides, and to a better understanding of their role in the regulation/prevention of chronic human diseases. It will also enhance value-added utilization of oat seeds with significant economic benefits to the Canadian economy.

* 人体维持氧化还原平衡的能力在过量氧化剂分子的存在下受到损害。这可能发生在食用氧化食物时，在感染或接触过渡金属期间，所有这些都会增加活性氧物质（即自由基）的产生。这种氧化还原失衡涉及几种慢性疾病的病因，包括癌症、心血管疾病和黄斑变性。具有抗氧化活性的化合物可以防止食物的氧化变质，并减少与上述慢性疾病相关的风险因素。虽然谷物的消费与一些与年龄有关的疾病的发病率下降有关，但造成所观察到的影响的食物成分的性质及其作用机制尚未得到很好的界定。** 本研究的目的是鉴定谷物中的生物活性肽，并确定其在细胞水平上的作用机制，以阐明有助于预防疾病的活性成分。燕麦种子用于纤维提取的利用率增加，留下约50%重量的高蛋白质残留物，将用作新的生物活性肽的来源，以防止食物变质，减少氧化应激，并最终改善加拿大人的健康。该方法将包括蛋白质的最佳提取和随后的酶消化;肽的分离和鉴定;以及确定负责活动的化学描述符。它还将确定肽的定位及其与细胞模型中磷脂的相互作用以及肽代谢物。在食品系统中使用肽作为抗氧化剂物质的优点包括其额外的营养功能。这些结果将导致模型的发展，以研究食物来源的肽的抗氧化特性，并更好地了解它们在调节/预防人类慢性疾病中的作用。它还将提高燕麦种子的增值利用率，为加拿大经济带来重大经济效益。