Joint Design of Priority Rules and Service Capacity in Multi-class Queues and Applications in Public Sectors

多等级队列优先级规则和服务能力联合设计及公共部门应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05539
• 负责人: Ding, Yichuan
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=681544
• 关键词: Joint; Design; Priority; Rules; Service

In many public sectors, the system manager has to ration the limited resources or service capacity among candidates with heterogeneous attributes. Given the scarcity of public resources (service capacity), candidates have to experience long wait before receiving the resource (service). The system manger strives to design a priority rule that maximizes the total matching utility that depends on both the candidate and resource types; meanwhile, she may have other objectives to achieve. For example, in many public systems, it is desirable to maintain equitable waiting times across different candidate types. We will study the following service systems. All of them can be modeled a multi-class queue equipped with a certain priority rule, but each has its specialty that makes the underlying mathematical model non-trivial to analyze.******1.Deceased-Donor Kidney Waitlist ***Since 2008, the Canadian governments have been actively looking for recommendations for an allocation system which improves transplantation outcomes as well as provide equitable access to patients on the organ waitlist. What makes the policy design problem challenging is that patients may reject a low-quality kidney offer in order to wait for high-quality organs. Therefore, the policy designer's problem is to search for an allocation policy, which leads to a Nash equilibrium with the most desired performance. ******2.Emergency Departments (ED)***EDs typically use a triage system to classify patients into priority levels. However, the actual routing decision mostly depends on the ED physician's individual decision. By analyzing the ED physicians' historical decision pattern, we developed a model to predict how patients are routed in EDs. This prediction model allows us to optimize the physician's shift schedule as well as to forecast the waiting time, which is released to patients on the websites.******3.Public Affordable Housing Allocation***Canada and the U.S. provide affordable housing options for eligible low-income families, seniors, disabled, etc. For example, the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) supports nearly 600,000 households annually. The housing applicants need to specify their order of preference among different housing types. We study the best ranking mechanism which encourages house applicants to truthful report their preference and meanwhile achieves the best allocation outcome.******4. Management of Follow-up appointments in Primary Care***To maintain continuity of care, a usual practice for family physician is to reserve slots for the follow-up visits to ensure that those patients receive care within the required time window. However, reserving a slot in advance is associated with a higher no-show rate, which is supported by our empirical findings. We investigate the optimal prioritization rule for the follow-up visits to minimize balkings and no-shows. *****

在许多公共部门，系统管理者必须在具有异质属性的候选人之间分配有限的资源或服务能力。由于公共资源（服务能力）的稀缺，候选人在获得资源（服务）之前必须经历长时间的等待。系统管理员努力设计一个优先级规则，最大化取决于候选人和资源类型的总匹配效用;同时，她可能有其他目标要实现。例如，在许多公共系统中，希望在不同的候选人类型之间保持公平的等待时间。我们将研究以下服务体系。所有这些都可以建模为配备有一定优先级规则的多类队列，但每个队列都有其特殊性，使得底层数学模型不容易分析。* 自2008年以来，加拿大政府一直在积极寻求关于分配系统的建议，以改善移植结果，并为器官等待名单上的患者提供公平的机会。使政策设计问题具有挑战性的是，患者可能会拒绝低质量的肾脏，以等待高质量的器官。因此，政策设计者的问题是寻找一个分配政策，这将导致纳什均衡与最期望的性能。** 2.急诊科（艾德）* ED通常使用分诊系统将患者分类到优先级别。然而，实际的路由决定主要取决于艾德医生的个人决定。通过分析艾德医生的历史决策模式，我们开发了一个模型来预测患者如何在ED路由。该预测模型使我们能够优化医生的轮班时间表，并预测等待时间，并在网站上发布给患者。3.公共负担得起的住房分配 * 加拿大和美国为符合条件的低收入家庭、老年人、残疾人等提供负担得起的住房选择。例如，加拿大抵押贷款和住房公司（CMHC）每年为近60万户家庭提供支持。住房申请人需要说明他们在不同住房类型中的优先顺序。我们研究的最佳排名机制，鼓励房屋申请人如实报告他们的喜好，同时实现最佳分配结果。4.基层医疗覆诊预约的管理 * 为保持护理的连续性，家庭医生的惯常做法是预留覆诊时段，以确保病人在规定的时间内获得护理。然而，提前预订一个插槽与更高的未出现率，这是由我们的实证研究结果支持。我们调查的最佳优先级规则的后续访问，以尽量减少畏缩不前和无显示。 *****