Rock Reinforcement for Extreme Underground Mining Ground Conditions

针对极端地下采矿地面条件的岩石加固

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06070
• 负责人: Hadjigeorgiou, John
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688353
• 关键词: Rock; Reinforcement; Extreme; Underground; Mining

The proposed research program addresses fundamental and applied research needs in managing extreme ground conditions: a) mining induced seismicity, and b) large deformations and squeezing conditions. Rockbursts are violent events, triggered by mining induced seismicity, that result in the ejection of volumes of rock from the walls of underground excavations. They can be extremely hazardous and have been responsible for many accidents in underground excavations. Large deformations and squeezing ground conditions result in major operational problems often requiring major rehabilitation of existing support.****The formulation of this proposal is based on recent data driven work in Canadian mines that has identified the gaps in knowledge in managing ground control problems in extreme underground mining conditions. The first design measures that can be implemented to mitigate ground control problems at depth involves modifications to mine design layouts, excavation geometry and sequences of excavation. This can lead to better control over mining induced stresses but cannot alleviate all problems. The second measure, the focus of this proposal, is the development of new designs for improved rock reinforcement and surface support to contain and mitigate damage caused by these extreme ground control conditions and ensure the safety of mining personnel and the economic extraction of ore.****Conventional design approaches do not consider the complex loading mechanisms on ground support due to mining induced seismicity, and extreme stress and structure driven deformations. The introduction of new innovative ground support (yielding systems) has provided tangible benefits. Impact testing of reinforcement and support, although not able to capture the loading mechanisms or replicate mine induced seismicity, has provided useful tools for comparisons between different reinforcement elements. A major challenge is how to quantify the load transfer between the different elements to establish a “system capacity” that can be explicitly accounted for in the design of ground support. This research will rely on field and laboratory investigations of the performance of ground support systems. These will be complemented by 3D numerical modelling of support systems focusing on the load transfer mechanisms between the reinforcement and surface support elements.****The proposed research program will provide a unique training opportunity for a number of graduate students. They will all work closely with the Canadian mining industry and will have a unique opportunity to develop high in demand and well diversified technical skills.****The implementation of the proposed research at mine sites will contribute significantly to the safety of mine workers and has potential monetary implications in mitigating rehabilitation and production costs amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars.******

拟议的研究计划解决了管理极端地面条件的基础和应用研究需求：a）采矿诱发的地震活动，b）大变形和挤压条件。岩爆是由采矿引发的地震引发的剧烈事件，导致大量岩石从地下挖掘的墙壁中喷出。它们极其危险，是造成地下挖掘中许多事故的原因。大变形和挤压地面条件会导致重大运营问题，通常需要对现有支撑进行重大修复。****该提案的制定是基于加拿大矿山最近的数据驱动工作，该工作发现了在极端地下采矿条件下管理地面控制问题的知识差距。为缓解深度地面控制问题而实施的第一个设计措施包括修改矿山设计布局、开挖几何形状和开挖顺序。这可以更好地控制采矿引起的应力，但不能缓解所有问题。第二项措施是本提案的重点，是开发改进岩石加固和表面支撑的新设计，以遏制和减轻这些极端地面控制条件造成的损害，并确保采矿人员的安全和矿石的经济开采。****传统的设计方法没有考虑由于采矿引起的地震、极端应力和结构驱动的变形而对地面支撑产生的复杂加载机制。新的创新地面支持（让行系统）的引入带来了实实在在的好处。 加固和支撑的冲击测试虽然无法捕获加载机制或复制矿井诱发的地震活动，但为不同加固元件之间的比较提供了有用的工具。一个主要挑战是如何量化不同元件之间的载荷传递，以建立可以在地面支撑设计中明确考虑的“系统容量”。 这项研究将依赖于地面支持系统性能的现场和实验室调查。这些将得到支撑系统 3D 数值建模的补充，重点关注加固和表面支撑元件之间的载荷传递机制。****拟议的研究计划将为许多研究生提供独特的培训机会。他们都将与加拿大采矿业密切合作，并将有独特的机会来发展高需求和多样化的技术技能。****在矿场实施拟议的研究将为矿工的安全做出重大贡献，并在减轻数亿美元的恢复和生产成本方面具有潜在的金钱影响。******