The HetHetNets Framework for 5G+ Wireless Networks: Highly Heterogeneous Traffic, Unprecedented Congestion, and Novel Solutions

自2010年左右4G LTE标准制定以来，学术界和工业界的研究界一直在集思广益，预测2020年左右的用例和场景，确定相应的技术要求，并开发面向下一代（5G）无线标准化的使能技术、协议和网络架构。随着5G标准化阶段的临近，这一探索阶段正在逐步结束。第一波5G标准预计将在2017-18年期间开发，在2019-2020年期间获得国际电联批准，并在21世纪20年代初投入使用。因此，现在是时候重新启动类似的头脑风暴努力，以实现超越5G的无线网络;我们将此类网络称为5G+，以便包括2020年代5G标准的演变，并为2030年的发展奠定基础。拟议的研究计划旨在解决5G+无线网络供需不匹配的根本问题。这一问题在不同的语境和学科中有着不同的意义。在无线环境中，供应是接入网络可以提供的潜在速率，需求是用户和设备产生的流量。* 如果在空间和时间上的总需求小于总的潜在供给，这就导致了明显的短缺。在这种情况下，除了减少需求或增加供应，或者两者兼而有之，几乎没有什么可以做的。一个更有趣和相关的情况下，网络经历短缺（拥塞），尽管总的潜在供应（在空间和时间）超过总需求（在空间和时间）。这种情况在存在失配时表现出来;即，当需求没有出现时，供应就出现了。为了分析不匹配问题的严重性，应检查供应是否能够以有效的方式储存（及时）或运输/转移（空间）。如果这些问题的答案都是肯定的，那么错配问题就很容易得到缓解。另一方面，否定的答案意味着一个困难的问题。在无线网络中，供需不匹配构成了一个非常关键和严重的情况，因为通常情况下，供应既不能存储也不能传输。在非常广泛的5G+范式中，拟议研究计划的目标有两个方面：* 主题I：开发模型以捕获未来高度异构的流量场景。* 主题二：开发新颖的和可能具有破坏性的解决方案，以减轻HetHetNet中前所未有的拥塞场景的影响。拟议的研究方案将有助于加拿大继续作为一个重要的和有能力的球员在全球信息和通信技术领域的创造必要的知识基础和高素质的人才培训。**

Since the development of 4G LTE standards around 2010, the research communities both in academia and industry have been brainstorming to predict the use cases and scenarios around 2020, to determine the corresponding technical requirements, and to develop the enabling technologies, protocols, and network architectures towards the next-generation (5G) wireless standardization.******This exploratory phase is winding down as the 5G standardization phase approaches. The first wave of 5G standards are expected to be developed during the 2017-18 timeframe, to be approved by ITU during the 2019-2020 timeframe, and to become operational in the early 2020s. As such, it is time to reinitiate a similar brainstorming endeavour towards the beyond-5G wireless networks; we refer to such networks as 5G+ in order to include the evolution of the 5G standards in 2020s and to perform the groundwork for those to be developed towards 2030.******The proposed research program is geared towards the fundamental problem of the supply-demand mismatch in 5G+ wireless networks. This problem has different significance based on the context and discipline. In the wireless context, the supply is the potential rate that the access network can provide and the demand is the traffic generated by the users and devices. ******If the total demand in space and time is less than the total potential supply, this results in an obvious shortage. In this case, there is little that can be done, except for either reducing the demand or increasing the supply, or both. A more interesting and relevant case occurs when the network experiences shortage (congestion) despite the total potential supply (in space and time) exceeds the total demand (in space and time). This situation manifests itself when there is a mismatch; i.e., when the demand does not arise where the supply is. In order to analyze the severity of the mismatch problem, it should be checked whether the supply can be storable (in time) or transportable/transferable (in space) in an efficient manner. If the answer is yes to these questions, then the mismatch problem can easily be alleviated. On the other hand, a negative answer signals a difficult problem. In wireless networks, the supply-demand mismatch constitutes a highly critical and serious situation due to the fact that, in general, the supply can neither be stored nor transported.***Within the very broad 5G+ paradigm, the objective of the proposed research program is two-fold:*** Theme I: Developing models to capture the highly heterogeneous traffic scenarios of the future. *** Theme II: Developing novel and possibly disruptive solutions to alleviate the impact of the resulting unprecedented congestion scenarios in HetHetNets.****The proposed research program will contribute to Canada's remaining as an important and competent player in the global ICT area with the creation of the necessary knowledge base and the training of highly-qualified personnel. **