The HetHetNets Framework for 5G+ Wireless Networks: Highly Heterogeneous Traffic, Unprecedented Congestion, and Novel Solutions

自2010年左右4G LTE标准制定以来，学术界和产业界的研究界一直在集思广益，预测2020年左右的用例和场景，确定相应的技术要求，并开发使能技术、协议和网络体系结构，以实现下一代(5G)无线标准化。*随着5G标准化阶段的临近，这一探索阶段正在结束。第一波5G标准预计将在2017-18年间制定，并在2019-2020年间获得国际电联的批准，并于2020年代初投入运营。因此，现在是时候重新发起一场针对Beyond-5G无线网络的类似集思广益的努力了；我们将网络称为5G+，以便纳入2020年代5G标准的演变，并为2030年的发展奠定基础。*拟议的研究计划针对5G+无线网络供需不匹配的根本问题。根据语境和学科的不同，这个问题具有不同的意义。在无线环境中，供应是接入网络可以提供的潜在速率，而需求是用户和设备产生的业务。*如果空间和时间上的总需求小于总的潜在供给，这将导致明显的短缺。在这种情况下，除了减少需求或增加供应，或两者兼而有之，几乎无能为力。一个更有趣和相关的情况是，网络出现短缺(拥塞)，尽管总的潜在供应(在空间和时间)超过了总需求(在空间和时间)。这种情况在不匹配的情况下表现出来，即在供应的地方没有需求的时候。为了分析失配问题的严重性，应该检查供应是否可以有效地储存(在时间上)或可运输/转移(在空间上)。如果这些问题的答案是肯定的，那么错配问题就可以很容易地得到缓解。另一方面，否定的回答预示着一个困难的问题。在无线网络中，供需不匹配构成了一个非常关键和严重的情况，因为通常情况下，供应既不能存储也不能运输。*在非常广泛的5G+范式中，拟议的研究计划的目标有两个：*主题I：开发模型以捕捉未来高度异质的流量场景。*主题II：开发新的和可能具有破坏性的解决方案，以减轻HetHetNet中由此产生的前所未有的拥堵情况的影响。*拟议的研究计划将通过创建必要的知识库和培训高素质的人员，帮助加拿大保持作为全球ICT领域重要和有能力的参与者的地位。**

Since the development of 4G LTE standards around 2010, the research communities both in academia and industry have been brainstorming to predict the use cases and scenarios around 2020, to determine the corresponding technical requirements, and to develop the enabling technologies, protocols, and network architectures towards the next-generation (5G) wireless standardization.******This exploratory phase is winding down as the 5G standardization phase approaches. The first wave of 5G standards are expected to be developed during the 2017-18 timeframe, to be approved by ITU during the 2019-2020 timeframe, and to become operational in the early 2020s. As such, it is time to reinitiate a similar brainstorming endeavour towards the beyond-5G wireless networks; we refer to such networks as 5G+ in order to include the evolution of the 5G standards in 2020s and to perform the groundwork for those to be developed towards 2030.******The proposed research program is geared towards the fundamental problem of the supply-demand mismatch in 5G+ wireless networks. This problem has different significance based on the context and discipline. In the wireless context, the supply is the potential rate that the access network can provide and the demand is the traffic generated by the users and devices. ******If the total demand in space and time is less than the total potential supply, this results in an obvious shortage. In this case, there is little that can be done, except for either reducing the demand or increasing the supply, or both. A more interesting and relevant case occurs when the network experiences shortage (congestion) despite the total potential supply (in space and time) exceeds the total demand (in space and time). This situation manifests itself when there is a mismatch; i.e., when the demand does not arise where the supply is. In order to analyze the severity of the mismatch problem, it should be checked whether the supply can be storable (in time) or transportable/transferable (in space) in an efficient manner. If the answer is yes to these questions, then the mismatch problem can easily be alleviated. On the other hand, a negative answer signals a difficult problem. In wireless networks, the supply-demand mismatch constitutes a highly critical and serious situation due to the fact that, in general, the supply can neither be stored nor transported.***Within the very broad 5G+ paradigm, the objective of the proposed research program is two-fold:*** Theme I: Developing models to capture the highly heterogeneous traffic scenarios of the future. *** Theme II: Developing novel and possibly disruptive solutions to alleviate the impact of the resulting unprecedented congestion scenarios in HetHetNets.****The proposed research program will contribute to Canada's remaining as an important and competent player in the global ICT area with the creation of the necessary knowledge base and the training of highly-qualified personnel. **