Development of a vaccine against avian reovirus infection in broiler chickens

肉鸡禽呼肠孤病毒感染疫苗的研制

• 批准号: 523836-2018
• 负责人: Gomis, Susantha
• 金额: $ 5.83万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692129
• 关键词: Development; vaccine; against; avian; reovirus

Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are etiological agents for an economically important emerging poultry disease.Arthrogenic ARVs cause tenosynovitis/arthritis syndrome which is characterized by unilateral or bilateralswelling of the hock joint resulting in lameness. Depending on the severity, ARV infection results in poorgrowth and poor production, and sometimes death, causing considerable economic losses to the poultryindustry. While commercial vaccines are available, the incidence of emerging virulent strains of ARV thatcontinue to impact the Canadian poultry industry suggest that current vaccines are not effective againstcirculating ARV strains. Vaccination is the preferred means to protect broiler chickens from ARV infection.Currently, some farms in Canada use autogenous vaccines to prevent ARV infection in chickens; however,autogenous vaccines induce unpredictable immunity and have limited potential as a dedicated control measureagainst ARVs. There is no effective vaccine available against the emerging ARV strains currently circulating inthe Canadian broiler chicken industry. If ARVs continue to cause disease, the Canadian broiler chickenindustry will continue to suffer significant economic losses. Therefore, the development of a safe and aneffective vaccine based on the characteristics of circulating virulent strains of ARV is essential. We havecharacterized emerging variant ARVs from the broiler chicken industry in Saskatchewan at the genetic andimmunological level. We have demonstrated that four genotypes of ARV affect the Saskatchewan broilerchicken industry and these genotypes cannot be controlled by a ARV vaccine containing just one type. Wepropose to develop a safe and effective multivalent live and inactivated vaccine against ARVs specificallytailored for the Canadian poultry industry to control emerging ARV infections.

禽呼肠孤病毒（ARVs）是一种经济上重要的新兴家禽疾病的病原。关节源性抗逆转录病毒药物引起腱鞘炎/关节炎综合征，其特征是单侧或双侧跗关节肿胀导致跛行。根据严重程度的不同，抗逆转录病毒病毒感染会导致生长不良和生产不良，有时甚至导致死亡，给家禽业造成相当大的经济损失。虽然商业化疫苗是可用的，但新出现的抗逆转录病毒毒株继续影响加拿大家禽业的发生率表明，目前的疫苗对流行的抗逆转录病毒毒株无效。疫苗接种是保护肉鸡免受ARV感染的首选手段。目前，加拿大的一些农场使用自体疫苗来预防鸡感染ARV；然而，自体疫苗可诱导不可预测的免疫，作为抗抗逆转录病毒药物专用控制措施的潜力有限。目前在加拿大肉鸡行业流行的新出现的抗逆转录病毒毒株没有有效的疫苗。如果抗逆转录病毒药物继续致病，加拿大肉鸡产业将继续遭受重大经济损失。因此，根据ARV流行毒株的特点研制一种安全有效的疫苗至关重要。我们在遗传和免疫学水平上对萨斯喀彻温省肉鸡行业新出现的变异抗逆转录病毒进行了表征。我们已经证明，抗逆转录病毒的四种基因型影响萨斯喀彻温省肉鸡产业，而且这些基因型不能由只含有一种基因型的抗逆转录病毒疫苗控制。我们建议开发一种安全有效的多价抗ARV活疫苗和灭活疫苗，专门为加拿大家禽业量身定制，以控制新出现的ARV感染。