Risk assessment of metals determined using remote sensing of dissolved organic carbon

利用溶解有机碳遥感测定金属的风险评估

• 批准号: 531233-2018
• 负责人: Smith, Scott
• 金额: $ 6.17万
• 依托单位: Wilfrid Laurier University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692309
• 关键词: Risk; assessment; metals; determined; using

Metals can pollute the environment as a result of mining, waste and other industrial activities. To manage this pollution, water managers require tools to estimate risk of different concentrations of metals in lakes and streams. It is well established that specific water chemistry of a lake can influence the toxic effects of metals; in particular, the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) can decrease the toxicity of copper, nickel, lead and zinc. This effect, can quantitatively be predicted using established biotic ligand models (BLMs). For this modelling DOM is represented by the measurable quantity of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; mg C/L). Many governments recommend use of BLM approaches for establishing site-specific water quality criteria, or for risk assessment, but many local jurisdictions lack the ability to consistently and accurately measure DOC. DOC is not a routinely measured water quality parameter. Remote sensing is an active research field that might be able to address this practical data gap and help risk assessors, and water managers, to quantitatively take DOC into account when establishing metal risks for surface waters. The basis for remote sensing of DOC is that dissolved organic matter has colour (referred to as CDOM). It has not yet been demonstrated that remote sensing can accurately convert measurements of CDOM to a prediction of DOC in freshwater environments. As a proof of principle, we propose to study remote, un-impacted, lakes in Quebec using both drone- and satellite-based remote sensing methods. The estimated CDOM will be converted to DOC and ultimately, via BLM modelling, to metals risk estimates. This risk estimate will be compared to actual measured effect concentrations in samples of these same site waters. The comparison will allow us to assess the feasibility, and practicality, of remote sensing as a tool for metals, including copper, zinc, lead and nickel, risk assessment for current and future mineral extraction or waste disposal activities.

金属会因采矿、废物和其他工业活动而污染环境。为了管理这种污染，水资源管理人员需要工具来估计湖泊和溪流中不同浓度金属的风险。 众所周知，湖泊的特定水化学可以影响金属的毒性效应;特别是溶解有机物（DOM）的存在可以降低铜，镍，铅和锌的毒性。这种效果，可以定量预测使用已建立的生物配体模型（BLM）。对于这种建模，DOM由可测量的溶解有机碳（DOC; mg C/L）的量表示。许多政府建议使用BLM方法来建立特定地点的水质标准或进行风险评估，但许多地方司法管辖区缺乏一致和准确测量DOC的能力。 DOC不是常规测量的水质参数。 遥感是一个活跃的研究领域，可能能够解决这一实际的数据差距，并帮助风险评估人员和水管理人员，定量考虑DOC时，建立地表沃茨的金属风险。DOC遥感的基础是溶解有机物具有颜色（称为CDOM）。它还没有被证明，遥感可以准确地将测量的CDOM在淡水环境中的DOC的预测。作为一个原则的证明，我们建议研究远程，未受影响的，在魁北克使用无人机和卫星遥感方法的湖泊。估计的CDOM将转换为DOC，并最终通过BLM建模转换为金属风险估计。该风险估计值将与这些相同地点沃茨样本中实际测量的效应浓度进行比较。这种比较将使我们能够评估遥感作为金属（包括铜、锌、铅和镍）的一种工具的可行性和实用性，并对目前和今后的采矿或废物处理活动进行风险评估。