Development of radionuclide monitoring, capture and segregation techniques for safe storage with surveillance and decommissioning of nuclear facilities

在核电站完成运行后，业主/公用事业公司需要开始一个过程，从运行状态过渡到安全储存制度，并最终拆除设施。过渡阶段、安全储存阶段和退役阶段的持续时间和活动复杂且费用高昂。虽然这些活动已经在美国或英国等其他国家进行，但加拿大在全套退役活动方面的经验有限。现有的方法和技术确实有效，但已经建立了与加拿大不同的监管制度。因此，开发可能减少工作时间或成本或更安全和更适合加拿大监管和环境要求的新方法和技术具有巨大的潜力。这项工作与联合国环境与发展组织和安大略省发电公司合作，致力于改善加拿大退役活动的安全性和经济性，重点研究改善场地特征、捕获放射性物质以减少剂量以及净化过程管理的技术。这项工作的一个方面将探索探测低能量放射性物种的新方法，这些方法将提高我们对退役工作所涉风险的了解，从而提供更好的场地特征。这项工作的另一个方面将提高拆解过程中可能产生的气溶胶颗粒的捕获效率。这项工作的第三个方面将把加拿大和全世界目前的做法结合起来，建立一个过程管理系统。该系统将允许公用事业公司为工厂内的每个单独环境选择最佳技术。总体而言，这项工作将通过控制二次污染和更有效的工作程序来减少工作人员的剂量。工作结果将为加拿大皮克林核电站和其他核设施的安全退役提供直接好处。在这个项目中接受培训的学生将获得可就业的技能，以帮助OPG和其他公司将核设施归还给退休的国家。

Upon completion of the operations of a nuclear power plant, the owner/utility needs to begin a process that transitions from the operating state to a safe storage regime and eventually dismantling of the facility. The duration and activities of the transition stage, safe storage stage, and decommissioning stage are complex and costly. While these activities have been performed in other countries such as USA or UK, Canada has had only limited experience in the full suite of decommissioning activities. The existing methods and technologies do work but have been established for a regulatory regime different than Canada's. As such, there is significant potential in denveloping new methods and techniques that may reduce work time or costs or that are safer and more suitable for the Canadian regulatory and environmental requirements. This work partnered with UNENE and Ontario Power Generation, endeavours to improve the safety and economy of Canadian decommissioning activities by concentrating on technologies that improve site characterization, radioactive species capture to reduce dose, and management of the decontamination processes. One aspect of the work will explore new methods to detect low energy radioactive species that will improve our understanding of the risks involved in the decommissioning work thus providing better site characterization. Another aspect of the work will improve the capture efficiency of aerosol particles that may be produced during dismantling processes. A third aspect of the work will integrate current practises in Canada and world wide into establishing a management system of the processes. This system will allow the utility to select the optimal techniques for each individual environment within the plant. Collectively, the work will allow for a reduction in worker dose through control of secondary contamination and more efficient work processes.The results of the work will provide a direct benefit to a safe decommissioning of the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station and other nuclear facilities in Canada. The students trained in this project will obtain employable skills to assist OPG and other companies as they return nuclear facilities to a retired state.