Modèle d'interventions localisées en conservation des sols organiques

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

In Quebec, field vegetable production in organic soils accounts for 35% of the 15,000 ha in use and 50% of the turnover of this sector. It is known that organic soils, very productive, degrade by consolidation, erosion and oxidation at a rate of 2 cm per year. With an average thickness of 100 cm and therefore an expected lifetime of 50 years, it is essential to invest in the conservation of these soils to maintain this major production capital for the Canadian agri-food industry. This RCP proposal is a research project primarily conducted at the partners' field scale. It aims to acquire the knowledge necessary to understand the mechanisms governing wind erosion, the drainage and compaction of organic soils at the field scale and to quantify the dominant processes in real field conditions. The project is divided into four axes. The first aims to characterize and quantify initial and final wind erosion following implementation of control methods and to validate a recommendation model. The second axis involves the establishment of plots in biomass production to define the crop management and to obtain yields that will meet the needs of soil amendments and the need to fight wind erosion. The third axis consists of field trials and follow-up of amendment, rotation and vertical drainage tests to improve soil structure and drainage. The fourth axis consists in integrating the knowledge acquired and the models developed into a localized soil management plan and in conducting a technical-economic study to guide intervention decisions. The new knowledge that will result from this RCP project will lead to improved soil and water management, better agronomic performances, reduced groundwater pollution and increased carbon sequestration, while maintaining the productivity of these high-level companies. As part of this project, 4 doctoral students, 5 master's students and 55undergraduate students will be trained in a sector of activity essential to the development of Canadian agriculture.