Resilient concrete masonry walls to meet the needs for the next generation of low-rise structures

承重细长砖墙(SMW)在加拿大的单层建筑中被广泛使用(例如，在学校体育馆、仓库等)。然而，对这些墙施加的设计限制(CSA S304-14；TMS 402-13)在强度和稳定性方面往往是严格的。这使得砖石行业作为一种建筑选择与其他结构选择相比处于劣势。自20世纪80年代以来，细长砖墙设计的研究和创新一直很少，当时工作压力和基于规定的设计很常见。这对传统细长砖墙的使用产生了负面影响，因为自那以来采用了极限状态和基于目标的设计。除了这些挑战，新的建筑能源法规(NRC 2015和2017)进一步限制了SMW的设计、成本和性能。 拟议的研究将(1)研究传统细长砌体墙的结构性能；(2)开发性能优于现有建筑的新型墙体系统，并评估其湿热(湿热)性能；(3)在严格的可靠性框架内，通过应用基于概率和第一原理的分析模型，改进小型建筑墙体的设计方法，并开发基于性能的设计工具；以及(4)增强小型建筑墙体的储能功能，并量化其对满足规范能源要求的贡献。 拟议中的项目是业界早就应该做的事情，它已经引起了两个赞助商协会CMDC和CCMPA的成员以及设计界和CSA S304标准委员会的广泛兴趣。这项研究计划有足够的范围为行业提供足够的技术知识，以实施加拿大各地砖石结构设计和施工方式的重大改变，从而产生更安全、更耐用和环保的砖石结构系统--在整个项目中培训19名高素质的工程师。

Load bearing slender masonry walls (SMWs) are widely used in single-storey construction in Canada (for example in school gymnasiums, warehouses, etc.). However, design limits imposed on these walls (CSA S304-14; TMS 402-13) tend to be stringent, in terms of strength and stability. This puts the masonry industry at a disadvantage as a construction alternative compared to other structural options. Research and innovation in slender masonry wall design has been scarce since the 1980s, when working stress and prescriptive-based design was common. This has had a negative impact on the use of conventional slender masonry walls, as limit states and objective-based design have since been adopted. Adding to these challenges, newer building energy code regulations (NRC 2015 and 2017) place further constraints that impact the design, cost, and performance of SMWs. The proposed research will (1) examine the structural performance of conventional slender masonry walls; (2) develop innovative wall systems with superior performance compared to current construction and evaluate their hygrothermal (hygric and thermal) performance; (3) enhance design methods for SMWs through the application of probabilistic and first-principles-based analysis models within a rigorous reliability framework and develop a performance-based design tool; and (4) enhance the thermal energy storage function of SMWs and quantify its contribution to meeting code energy requirements. The proposed project is something that is long overdue for the industry, it has been an item that has garnered wide interest from the members of both sponsoring associations, CMDC and CCMPA, as well as the design community and CSA S304 standards committee. This research program has sufficient scope to provide the industry with enough technical knowledge to implement a substantial change to the way masonry is designed and constructed across Canada, resulting in safer, more durable, and eco-friendly masonry constructive systems -- training 19 highly qualified engineers throughout the project.