Design optimization of electric mines

电矿井设计优化

• 批准号: 528390-2018
• 负责人: Bauman, Jennifer
• 金额: $ 2.73万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697837
• 关键词: Design; optimization; electric; mines

For the last hundred years, diesel-powered trucks have dominated the mining industry. These diesel trucks emit dangerous emissions and high amounts of heat, which necessitate the use of immense ventilation infrastructure to maintain a safe work environment for underground miners. The recent advances in lithium-ion battery technology, including cost reduction and an increase in energy density, have made battery-powered electric mining trucks a plausible alternative to diesel-powered trucks. The main economic benefit of using electric trucks stems from the reduced ventilation needs, though there are additional benefits including reduced fuel costs, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and improved worker health and safety. Though the benefits of using an electric mining truck in place of a diesel truck are becoming more well-known, larger benefits are projected if the whole mine as a system is considered from the initial design concept. If a new mine is planned to operate with only electric trucks, further economic benefits can be obtained by installing a smaller ventilation system, and thus digging smaller tunnels, and thus removing less waste from the mine. The question is: how can a mine be optimally designed for use with electric trucks? The proposed project will answer this question by creating algorithms which optimize the design of a mine for specific use with electric mining trucks. The algorithms will incorporate validated models of electric and diesel trucks and will perform an optimization in both space and time domains: the physical design of the mine (diameter of tunnels, ventilation system, planned number and sizes of electric trucks) will be optimized in conjunction with the time element (charge scheduling, truck speeds). The resulting algorithms have the potential to significantly improve the way mines of the future are designed, with concrete benefits in terms of economics, health and safety, and environmental protection.

在过去的一百年里，柴油动力卡车一直主导着采矿业。这些柴油卡车排放出危险的废气和大量的热量，这就需要使用巨大的通风基础设施来维持地下矿工的安全工作环境。锂离子电池技术的最新进展，包括成本降低和能量密度的增加，使电池供电的电动矿用卡车成为柴油动力卡车的合理替代品。使用电动卡车的主要经济效益来自于减少通风需求，尽管还有其他好处，包括降低燃料成本，减少温室气体排放，改善工人健康和安全。虽然使用电动矿用卡车代替柴油卡车的好处越来越为人所知，但如果从最初的设计概念开始将整个矿山作为一个系统来考虑，预计会有更大的好处。如果一个新的矿井计划只使用电动卡车运营，则可以通过安装更小的通风系统来获得进一步的经济效益，从而挖掘更小的隧道，从而减少矿井中的废物。问题是：如何为电动卡车的使用进行最佳设计？拟议的项目将通过创建算法来回答这个问题，这些算法可以优化矿山的设计，以便与电动矿用卡车一起使用。这些算法将整合经过验证的电动和柴油卡车模型，并将在空间和时间域进行优化：矿山的物理设计（隧道直径，通风系统，电动卡车的计划数量和尺寸）将与时间元素（充电调度，卡车速度）一起优化。由此产生的算法有可能显著改善未来矿山的设计方式，在经济、健康和安全以及环境保护方面带来具体好处。