A low-cost, effective Differential Multi-Ventilation system for use against COVID-19

用于对抗 COVID-19 的低成本、有效的差动多重通气系统

• 批准号: 554615-2020
• 负责人: Lee, Jihyun
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=705694
• 关键词: low; cost; effective; Differential; Multi

Ventilator shortages within Canada's healthcare system have become a problem of immediate concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. One solution for the emerging need for additional ventilator capacity is to share a ventilator between multiple patients, called multi-ventilation. This strategy has been used in New York and has received crisis approval by Health and Human Services and the Federal Drug Administration. However, the multi-ventilation system has been restricted for use in major medical organizations due to potential safety risks such as trigger issues between the patients sharing a ventilator. This research project proposes a state-of-art system that enables us to overcome possible safety risks to expand ventilator capacity. A low-cost and effective Differential Multi-Ventilation (DMV) system allows us to permit individualized settings for patients sharing a ventilator by utilizing flow restrictors, sensors, and a controller that allows adjustment and monitoring of inspiratory and expiratory parameters. The DMV system, which consists of 3D-printed adjustable Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) valves, can be a cost-saving, configuration-flexible, multi-dimensional alternative. Combining adjustable PEEP valves with sensors, bypass circuits, and a controller will allow us to increase ventilator capacity, reduce the production cost, and provide improved quality patient care compared to the traditional system. The proposed objectives of this research are to understand the system's fluid dynamics and to improve upon the ventilations' current structural challenges. This project's novelties lie in the analysis of the DMV's design parameters, optimization using a genetic algorithm, the application of micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensors, a pre-compensation algorithm, and the physical model. This proposal's outcome also provides a configuration guideline, a monitoring and control module, and DMV dynamic simulation software.

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，加拿大医疗保健系统内的呼吸机短缺已成为迫在眉睫的问题。针对额外呼吸机容量的新需求的一种解决方案是在多个患者之间共享一台呼吸机，称为多重通气。该策略已在纽约使用，并获得了卫生与公众服务部和联邦药物管理局的危机批准。然而，由于共享呼吸机的患者之间存在触发问题等潜在安全风险，多重通气系统在主要医疗机构的使用受到限制。 该研究项目提出了一种最先进的系统，使我们能够克服可能的安全风险，以扩大呼吸机容量。低成本且有效的差动多重通气 (DMV) 系统使我们能够利用流量限制器、传感器和控制器来为共用呼吸机的患者进行个性化设置，从而调整和监测吸气和呼气参数。 DMV 系统由 3D 打印的可调节呼气末正压 (PEEP) 阀组成，是一种节省成本、配置灵活的多维替代方案。与传统系统相比，将可调 PEEP 阀与传感器、旁路电路和控制器相结合将使我们能够增加呼吸机容量、降低生产成本并提供更高质量的患者护理。 这项研究的拟议目标是了解系统的流体动力学并改进通风系统当前的结构挑战。该项目的新颖之处在于DMV设计参数的分析、遗传算法的优化、微机电系统（MEMS）传感器的应用、预补偿算法和物理模型。该提案的成果还提供了配置指南、监测和控制模块以及DMV动态仿真软件。