MULTIFUNCTIONAL OPERATION OF ENERGY STORAGE IN SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION

储能系统(ESSS)可以在支持电力系统方面发挥至关重要的作用，以便应对未来的挑战：电动汽车的普及率更高；智能电网的趋势日益增强；以及与供应充足率、资产可靠性、电网稳定性、持续供电质量等相关问题的解决。储能系统应该支持与多种配电系统应用相关的价值流，以便它们能够与提供类似服务的其他技术相比具有成本竞争力。为此，ESS应同时提供多项福利。同时，ESS的集成应该是无缝的，并且与现有系统组件的冲突应降至最低。 从经济上讲，ESS的部署取决于当前的能源系统格局和未来的电力系统发展。储能技术主要包括三种类型：抽水蓄能水电、电池和飞轮。确定哪些储能技术适合部署的标准取决于系统的大小和类型。 这项研究将调查ESSS的应用，以服务于一系列同步应用。与文献中介绍的工作不同，它将扩展有限存储资源的使用以支持多个应用程序。长期目标是实现多功能ESS运营，作为提高ESS投资的利用率和经济可行性的一种手段。 通过将ESS服务建模为支持基于应用请求的可用ESS容量的动态分配的管理问题，可以实现多功能ESS操作。各种应用(如电能质量、可靠性、电压支持、过剩可再生能源的储存)将向ESS管理系统发送请求，该系统将为每个请求分配代表其功能重要性的相关成本。ESS管理系统的目标是最大限度地提高ESS利用率，最大限度地减少未得到服务的请求的费用，并尽量减少请求之间可能发生的冲突。 要实现这些目标，就需要制定分配环境保障服务单位的规划模式及其运作管理框架。然而，创建模型和框架涉及克服一些挑战，这些挑战在本提案中得到了解决。 储能技术有潜力支持我们能源系统的发展，但其潜力的实现取决于对电力系统的知识(规模和类型)和关于ESS特性的信息(类型、大小、位置和控制策略)的智能集成。将这种智能集成与本研究中提出的使ESS能够为电力系统提供捆绑服务的技术相结合，将培养我们获得全面部署ESS所带来的好处的能力。

Energy storage systems (ESSs) can play a vital role in supporting the electric power system so that future challenges can be addressed: greater penetration of electric vehicles; increasing trend toward smarter power grids; and resolution of issues related to, supply adequacy, asset reliability, grid stability, sustained quality of power delivery, etc. An ESS should support the value streams associated with multiple distribution system applications so that they can be cost-competitive with other technologies that provide similar services. To this end, an ESS should offer multiple concurrent benefits. At the same time, the integration of an ESS should be seamless and entail minimum conflict with existing system components. Economically, ESS deployment is dependent on the current energy system landscape and future power system development. Energy storage technologies consist of three main types: pumped storage hydropower, batteries, and flywheels. The criteria for determining which energy storage technologies are suitable for deployment are contingent on the size and type of the system. This research will investigate the application of ESSs to serve a range of simultaneous applications. Unlike the work presented in the literature, it will extend the use of limited storage resources to support multiple applications. The long-term objective is to enable multifunctional ESS operation as a means of increasing the utilization and economic feasibility of ESS investments. Multifunction ESS operation can be achieved by modelling ESS services as a management problem that supports the dynamic assignment of available ESS capacity based on application requests. Various applications (e.g., power quality, reliability, voltage support, storage of excess renewable energy) would send requests to the ESS management system, which would assign each request an associated cost that represents the significance of its function. The ESS management system would be based on the goals of maximizing ESS utilization, minimizing the cost of requests not served, and minimizing possible conflict between requests. Achieving these objectives requires the development of a planning model for the allocation of ESS units and a management framework for their operation. However, creating the model and framework involves overcoming a number of challenges, which are addressed in this proposal. Energy storage technologies have the potential to support the evolution of our energy systems, but realizing their potential hinges on the smart integration of knowledge of the power system (size and type) and information about ESS characteristics (type, size, location, and control strategies). Coupling this smart integration with a technique for enabling an ESS to provide bundled services for power systems, as proposed in this research, will foster our ability to harvest the benefits that will accompany full ESS deployment.