MULTIFUNCTIONAL OPERATION OF ENERGY STORAGE IN SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION

储能系统（ESS）在支持电力系统方面可以发挥至关重要的作用，以便应对未来的挑战：电动汽车的更大渗透;智能电网的趋势日益增强;以及解决与供应充足性、资产可靠性、电网稳定性、电力输送的持续质量ESS应该支持与多个分配系统应用相关联的价值流，使得它们可以与提供类似服务的其他技术在成本上具有竞争力。为此，ESS应同时提供多种益处。与此同时，ESS的整合应该是无缝的，与现有系统组成部分的冲突应该是最小的。 经济上，ESS部署取决于当前的能源系统格局和未来的电力系统发展。储能技术包括三种主要类型：抽水蓄能水电、电池和飞轮。确定哪些储能技术适合部署的标准取决于系统的规模和类型。 本研究将调查ESS的应用，以服务于一系列的同时应用。与文献中提出的工作不同，它将扩展有限存储资源的使用，以支持多个应用程序。长期目标是使多功能ESS运行成为提高ESS投资利用率和经济可行性的一种手段。 多功能ESS操作可以通过将ESS服务建模为一个管理问题来实现，该管理问题支持基于应用请求的可用ESS容量的动态分配。各种应用（例如，电能质量、可靠性、电压支持、多余可再生能量的存储）将向ESS管理系统发送请求，ESS管理系统将为每个请求分配表示其功能重要性的相关成本。ESS管理系统将基于最大化ESS利用率、最小化未服务请求的成本以及最小化请求之间可能的冲突的目标。 要实现这些目标，就需要制定一个分配就业服务系统单位的规划模式和一个其运作的管理框架。然而，建立模式和框架需要克服一些挑战，本提案将处理这些挑战。 储能技术有潜力支持我们能源系统的发展，但实现其潜力取决于电力系统知识（大小和类型）和ESS特性（类型，大小，位置和控制策略）信息的智能集成。耦合这种智能集成的技术，使ESS提供捆绑服务的电力系统，在这项研究中提出的，将促进我们的能力，收获的好处，将伴随着全面的ESS部署。

Energy storage systems (ESSs) can play a vital role in supporting the electric power system so that future challenges can be addressed: greater penetration of electric vehicles; increasing trend toward smarter power grids; and resolution of issues related to, supply adequacy, asset reliability, grid stability, sustained quality of power delivery, etc. An ESS should support the value streams associated with multiple distribution system applications so that they can be cost-competitive with other technologies that provide similar services. To this end, an ESS should offer multiple concurrent benefits. At the same time, the integration of an ESS should be seamless and entail minimum conflict with existing system components. Economically, ESS deployment is dependent on the current energy system landscape and future power system development. Energy storage technologies consist of three main types: pumped storage hydropower, batteries, and flywheels. The criteria for determining which energy storage technologies are suitable for deployment are contingent on the size and type of the system. This research will investigate the application of ESSs to serve a range of simultaneous applications. Unlike the work presented in the literature, it will extend the use of limited storage resources to support multiple applications. The long-term objective is to enable multifunctional ESS operation as a means of increasing the utilization and economic feasibility of ESS investments. Multifunction ESS operation can be achieved by modelling ESS services as a management problem that supports the dynamic assignment of available ESS capacity based on application requests. Various applications (e.g., power quality, reliability, voltage support, storage of excess renewable energy) would send requests to the ESS management system, which would assign each request an associated cost that represents the significance of its function. The ESS management system would be based on the goals of maximizing ESS utilization, minimizing the cost of requests not served, and minimizing possible conflict between requests. Achieving these objectives requires the development of a planning model for the allocation of ESS units and a management framework for their operation. However, creating the model and framework involves overcoming a number of challenges, which are addressed in this proposal. Energy storage technologies have the potential to support the evolution of our energy systems, but realizing their potential hinges on the smart integration of knowledge of the power system (size and type) and information about ESS characteristics (type, size, location, and control strategies). Coupling this smart integration with a technique for enabling an ESS to provide bundled services for power systems, as proposed in this research, will foster our ability to harvest the benefits that will accompany full ESS deployment.