Advanced Numerical Framework for Wind Turbines in Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flow

大气边界层流中风力涡轮机的先进数值框架

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-03781
• 负责人: Korobenko, Artem
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709743
• 关键词: Advanced; Numerical; Framework; Wind; Turbines

Modern wind turbines operate in the very complex turbulent Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) with a wide range of energy-containing length scales and with different atmospheric stability regimes. When wind turbines interact with the ABL the blades experience significant variations of the loading and torque during the rotation cycle. This directly affects the wind turbine aerodynamic performance, power production and blade structural response. The problem amplifies when wind turbines are arranged in arrays. In this configuration any downwind turbines operate in a wake of upwind turbines, which increase losses of power production and reduce the fatigue life due to wake interaction. To accurately predict the unsteady aerodynamic and structural behavior of wind turbines operating in a wake will require advanced numerical modeling and simulations. Existing simulation tools, however, mostly focus on non-stratified, uniform flow conditions over flat surfaces interacting with rigid-body wind turbine structures due to highly-turbulent stratified flow with large Reynolds number and complex multi-physics coupling. At the same time the problem is amplified by presence of the components in a relative motion superimposed on elastic deformation of the blades, geometric and material nonlinearity of the multilayer composite structures and large problem size. Motivated by the above challenges, the proposed research program focuses on the development of a predictive FSI framework for computation of wind turbines at full scale and with full geometrical complexity subjected to realistic atmospheric conditions. The advanced multiphysics simulations will improve our understanding of the turbulence dynamics in the ABL over complex terrain under different atmospheric stability regimes and how it affects the aerodynamic and blade structural response. The first-of-a-kind FSI simulations of multiple wind turbines with full geometric and material complexity will shed more light on wake-turbine interaction and how it affects fatigue life. The proposed novel numerical framework can improve design and optimization process of wind turbines and prevent failure of main turbine components by providing high-fidelity outputs for quantities of interest for which measurements are not readily available. It will serve as a valuable tool for developing sophisticated wind turbine control strategies to maximize power output. The proposed interdisciplinary research program will also create a valuable dataset that can be used by other researchers for numerical tools validation. Using this program the prospective highly qualified personnel will develop strong expertise in multiphysics simulations of complex engineering problems that is in increasing demand in industry, national laboratories, and academia in Canada and worldwide.

现代风力发电机运行在非常复杂的湍流大气边界层(ABL)中，具有广泛的含能长度尺度和不同的大气稳定机制。当风力涡轮机与ABL相互作用时，叶片在旋转周期中会经历载荷和扭矩的显着变化。这直接影响到风力机的气动性能、发电量和叶片结构响应。当风力涡轮机排列成阵列时，这个问题就会放大。在这种配置中，任何顺风涡轮机都在上风涡轮机之后运行，这会增加电力生产的损失，并由于尾流相互作用而缩短疲劳寿命。 为了准确预测在尾流中运行的风力涡轮机的非定常气动和结构行为，需要先进的数值建模和模拟。然而，现有的模拟工具大多集中在与刚体风力机结构相互作用的平面上的非分层、均匀流动条件，这是因为层状流动具有大的雷诺数和复杂的多物理耦合。同时，由于构件的相对运动叠加叶片的弹性变形，多层复合材料结构的几何和材料非线性，以及大的问题规模，使得问题变得更加复杂。 在上述挑战的推动下，拟议的研究计划专注于开发一个预测性FSI框架，用于在实际大气条件下进行全尺寸和全几何复杂性的风力涡轮机计算。先进的多物理模拟将提高我们对复杂地形上不同大气稳定状态下ABL中的湍流动力学及其对气动和叶片结构响应的影响的了解。首次对具有完全几何和材料复杂性的多个风力涡轮机进行的FSI模拟将更多地揭示尾流涡轮机相互作用及其对疲劳寿命的影响。所提出的新的数值框架可以改进风力涡轮机的设计和优化过程，并通过为难以测量的感兴趣的数据量提供高保真输出来防止主要涡轮机部件的故障。它将成为开发复杂的风力涡轮机控制策略以最大限度提高功率输出的宝贵工具。拟议的跨学科研究计划还将创建一个有价值的数据集，可供其他研究人员用于数字工具验证。 利用这一计划，未来的高素质人员将在加拿大和世界各地的工业、国家实验室和学术界日益增长的需求中开发复杂工程问题的多物理模拟方面的强大专业知识。