Understanding Visceral Influences on Behaviour: Physiological and Psychological Mechanisms

了解本能对行为的影响：生理和心理机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06032
• 负责人: Fiacconi, Chris
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=710885
• 关键词: Understanding; Visceral; Influences; Behaviour; Physiological

The idea that the mind and the body are intimately linked has been a pervasive theme within psychology and the neurosciences. Brought to the forefront by William James in the 19th century, who emphasized the role of bodily sensations in emotional experience, interest in body-mind relationships has been re-kindled by recent advances in cognitive neuroscience that have revealed how bodily information is represented in the brain. These new insights have attracted attention not just among researchers interested in emotion, but from cognitive psychologists as well, and promise to shed new light on the interplay between emotion and cognition. In broad terms, my research program is centered on understanding how the synergistic relationship between emotion and cognition is shaped by feedback from our bodies, and aims to characterize the nature of the behavioural and experiential outcomes that arise from brain-body interactions. The research described in this proposal represents a step toward this over-arching goal, by seeking to understand the psychological and physiological factors that dictate how and when bodily feedback shapes behaviour. More concretely, the proposed research will build on previously established links between cardiovascular feedback and emotion perception, as well as my recent work pointing to an important role for such feedback in recognition memory judgments. I aim to: i) examine whether the behavioural influence of cardiovascular feedback depends on how this information is appraised, ii) examine whether variation in pertinent aspects of cardiovascular functioning alters the behavioural influence of this feedback, iii) examine how neural representations of cardiovascular feedback are related to its influence on behaviour. These three short-term research questions will be addressed in three separate, but related projects. In Project 1, we will utilize experimental manipulations designed to alter how cardiovascular feedback is appraised, with the goal of probing whether its behavioural influence depends on how this information is interpreted. In Project 2, we will use measures of cardiovascular functioning, focusing on blood pressure, to evaluate how variability among pertinent cardiovascular parameters is related to the behavioural influence of cardiovascular feedback. Finally, in Project 3, we will measure brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG) to examine whether the influence of such feedback depends on the magnitude of cortical signals thought to reflect cardiovascular signalling. Together, these research projects promise to provide insight into the mechanism(s) by which information from the body can shape behaviour, and will further our understanding of how our thoughts and feelings are informed by body-mind interactions.

心灵和身体密切相关的观点一直是心理学和神经科学中的一个普遍主题。世纪，威廉·詹姆斯（William James）强调了身体感觉在情感体验中的作用，他将这一观点带到了前沿。认知神经科学的最新进展揭示了身体信息是如何在大脑中表现的，这重新点燃了人们对身心关系的兴趣。这些新的见解不仅吸引了对情绪感兴趣的研究人员的注意，也吸引了认知心理学家的注意，并有望为情绪和认知之间的相互作用提供新的见解。从广义上讲，我的研究计划的重点是了解我们身体的反馈如何塑造情感和认知之间的协同关系，并旨在描述脑-体相互作用产生的行为和体验结果的性质。本提案中所描述的研究代表了朝着这一过度目标迈出的一步，通过寻求理解决定身体反馈如何以及何时塑造行为的心理和生理因素。更具体地说，拟议的研究将建立在先前建立的心血管反馈和情绪感知之间的联系，以及我最近的工作指出，这种反馈在识别记忆判断中的重要作用。我的目标是：i）检查心血管反馈的行为影响是否取决于如何评价该信息，ii）检查心血管功能的相关方面的变化是否改变该反馈的行为影响，iii）检查心血管反馈的神经表征如何与其对行为的影响相关。这三个短期研究问题将在三个独立但相关的项目中得到解决。 在项目1中，我们将利用旨在改变心血管反馈评估方式的实验操作，目的是探索其行为影响是否取决于如何解释这些信息。在项目2中，我们将使用心血管功能指标（重点是血压）来评估相关心血管参数之间的变异性如何与心血管反馈的行为影响相关。最后，在项目3中，我们将使用脑电图（EEG）测量大脑活动，以检查这种反馈的影响是否取决于被认为反映心血管信号的皮层信号的大小。总之，这些研究项目有望深入了解来自身体的信息可以塑造行为的机制，并将进一步了解我们的思想和感受如何通过身心互动来传达。