Influence of altered sensory input and Cortical Asymmetry on Movement Induced Plasticity

感觉输入改变和皮质不对称对运动诱导可塑性的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05282
• 负责人: Yielder, Paul
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Ontario Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711595
• 关键词: Influence; altered; sensory; input; Cortical

My research is focused on understanding differences in neural plasticity when motor skill acquisition occurs in the presence of altered sensory inputs, and how lateralization of brain function and hand preference factor into this. Adaptive (beneficial) plasticity enhances motor learning and performance; while maladaptive (harmful) plasticity leads to faulty movement patterns, decreasing speed and accuracy of motor performance, and creating the potential for injury. In occupational, recreational or sporting contexts, we are often learning new motor skills while extraneous sensory stimuli such as vibration or pain are present. This Discovery Grant addresses how altered sensory inputs such as pain, influence whether movement induced plasticity is adaptive or maladaptive. Hand dominance or laterality is a model of lifelong use-dependent plasticity and this research also seeks to understand how motor control differences between the Dominant (Dom) and non-dominant (NonDom) limbs influences the potential for adaptive or maladaptive plasticity in response to motor training My long term goal is to advance our fundamental understanding of the factors that influence motor training induced plasticity. My short term objectives are: 1) explore the neural mechanisms by which altered sensory input during motor acquisition tasks leads to either enhanced or impaired sensorimotor plasticity; 2) Compare sensorimotor responses of the Dom and NonDom limbs when task requirements are manipulated to favour either predictive or impedance control of limb dynamics 3) Determine whether there are differences between the Dom and NonDom limbs when motor sequence acquisition takes place in the presence of pain. Novelty and Impact: My innovative approach will advance our understanding of how sensory disruptions during motor training either enhance or interfere with use-dependent plasticity. This is fundamental knowledge because we are often learning new motor skills while extraneous sensory stimuli such as vibration or pain are present. In our modern world, technology use has meant that we are constantly called upon to master novel motor skills, and often we are called upon to use both hands. It is critical to understand hemispheric differences in neural mechanisms of motor skill acquisition so that advances in technology design lead to adaptive plasticity rather than to maladaptive plasticity and injury. Investigating factors which may contribute to our capacity for adaptive plasticity is critical in this era of modern technology use, and has important implications for both ergonomics and rehabilitation.

我的研究重点是了解在感觉输入改变的情况下获得运动技能时神经可塑性的差异，以及大脑功能的偏侧化和手部偏好如何影响这种差异。适应性（有益的）可塑性增强运动学习和表现；而适应不良（有害）的可塑性会导致错误的运动模式，降低运动表现的速度和准确性，并可能造成受伤。在职业、娱乐或运动环境中，我们经常在学习新的运动技能的同时存在振动或疼痛等外部感官刺激。这项发现资助研究了疼痛等感觉输入的改变如何影响运动引起的可塑性是适应性还是适应不良。手部优势或偏侧性是终生依赖使用的可塑性的模型，这项研究还试图了解主导肢体 (Dom) 和非主导肢体 (NonDom) 之间的运动控制差异如何影响响​​应运动训练的适应性或适应不良可塑性的潜力 我的长期目标是增进我们对影响运动训练引起的可塑性的因素的基本理解。我的短期目标是：1）探索运动习得任务期间改变感觉输入导致感觉运动可塑性增强或受损的神经机制； 2) 当任务要求被操纵以支持肢体动态的预测或阻抗控制时，比较 Dom 和 NonDom 肢体的感觉运动反应 3) 确定在存在疼痛的情况下进行运动序列采集时 Dom 和 NonDom 肢体之间是否存在差异。 新颖性和影响力：我的创新方法将增进我们对运动训练期间的感觉干扰如何增强或干扰依赖于使用的可塑性的理解。这是基础知识，因为我们经常在存在振动或疼痛等外部感官刺激的情况下学习新的运动技能。在我们的现代世界中，技术的使用意味着我们不断地被要求掌握新颖的运动技能，并且经常被要求使用双手。了解运动技能习得神经机制的半球差异至关重要，这样技术设计的进步才能带来适应性可塑性，而不是导致适应不良的可塑性和损伤。在现代技术使用的时代，研究可能有助于我们适应性可塑性能力的因素至关重要，并且对人体工程学和康复都有重要影响。