Modeling, Signal Processing and the Design of Novel Instruments and Algorithms Applicable to the Respiratory System

适用于呼吸系统的建模、信号处理以及新型仪器和算法的设计

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05484
• 负责人: KazemMoussavi, Zahra
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711668
• 关键词: Modeling; Signal; Processing; Design; Novel

Using linear and non-linear signal processing and modeling techniques and instrumentation, this research program will investigate, design, develop and evaluate novel technologies applicable to respiratory system and its associated disorders, in particular obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA currently affects more than 10% of Canadians, but it is also believed that there are many undiagnosed cases. Lack of diagnosis and treatment of OSA impose an immense physical and economic burden on society. The research proposed here will address this gap by investigating new ways to analyze and interpret biological data in particular breathing sounds, and design novel medical technologies that will have future applications in point of care diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of OSA; some of the proposed technologies will also have other general applications. The proposed objectives and projects are: 1) further develop and evaluate our current acoustic technology by considering the effect of confounding variables, i.e. age, smoking, height, weight, on breathing sounds and improve its sensitivity and specificity for OSA classification, 2) develop acoustic models for upper airway during both sleep and wakefulness, 3) study the relationship between breathing sounds and sleep stages continuously through an entire night, 4) design and implement an energy harvesting system using saliva to enable oral measurement of pulse oximetry overnight during sleep, and 5) develop micro-array microneedle electrodes by molding, along with a novel switching circuit for stimulating the hypoglossal nerve as a potential future non-invasive sleep apnea treatment. These objectives will be achieved through non-invasive tracheal respiratory sound analysis and design of microelectronic boards. Outcomes of this research are: to advance our understanding of the upper airway mechanism of normal breathing during both wakefulness and sleep and how it will change due to an obstruction; to develop non-invasive, cost effective and quick diagnostic tools as well as novel non-invasive treatment strategies. The main impacts of this work will be development of novel technologies that in future will improve the quality of life of the large population affected by OSA.

利用线性和非线性信号处理和建模技术和仪器，该研究计划将调查，设计，开发和评估适用于呼吸系统及其相关疾病，特别是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的新技术。OSA目前影响超过10%的加拿大人，但也有许多未确诊的病例。缺乏对OSA的诊断和治疗给社会带来了巨大的身体和经济负担。本文提出的研究将通过研究分析和解释生物数据（特别是呼吸声）的新方法来解决这一差距，并设计新的医疗技术，这些技术将在未来应用于OSA的护理点诊断，治疗和监测;一些提出的技术也将具有其他一般应用。 拟议的目标和项目是：1）通过考虑混杂变量（即年龄、吸烟、身高、体重）对呼吸声的影响来进一步开发和评估我们当前的声学技术，并提高其对OSA分类的灵敏度和特异性，2）开发睡眠和觉醒期间上气道的声学模型，3）在整个晚上连续地研究呼吸声和睡眠阶段之间的关系，4）设计并实现使用唾液的能量收集系统，以使得能够在睡眠期间对脉搏血氧饱和度进行整夜的口腔测量，以及5）通过模制开发微阵列微针电极，沿着用于刺激舌下神经的新型开关电路，作为潜在的未来非侵入性睡眠呼吸暂停治疗。 这些目标将通过无创气管呼吸音分析和微电子板的设计来实现。 这项研究的结果是：提高我们对清醒和睡眠期间正常呼吸的上气道机制的理解，以及它如何因阻塞而改变;开发非侵入性，成本效益和快速诊断工具以及新型非侵入性治疗策略。这项工作的主要影响将是开发新技术，在未来将改善受OSA影响的大量人口的生活质量。