Tempereature tolerance and developmental phenotypic plasticity in early life stage fish

早期生命阶段鱼类的温度耐受性和发育表型可塑性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06895
• 负责人: Baker, Daniel
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: Vancouver Island University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=712490
• 关键词: Tempereature; tolerance; developmental; phenotypic; plasticity

Global climate change is contributing to a general trend of increased temperatures in river systems worldwide. Consequently, temperature increases in local aquatic environments driven by human sources may be inducing intense selection pressures on fish in these ecosystems. How animals cope with changes in their environment will predict how populations respond to these future conditions. While we understand a great deal about acute responses to warming and cooling in fish, we know much less about how thermal history might promote physiological adjustments that result in protection from chronic warming or episodic heating events. My research program focuses on the phenotypic responses of early life stage fish, and how exposure to elevated temperature may enhance protection from future thermal challenge. To address this, I intend to characterize the magnitude and timing of thermal protection acquired during development of larvae and juvenile fish, and as a result of pre-exposure to increased temperatures. I will also describe the proportion of thermal protection that is permanent (i.e., a result of developmental plasticity, as opposed to through acclimation) when eggs or larval fish are reared under different thermal regimes. Examining, then, this phenotypic plasticity to elevated temperatures over the broader context of life history characteristics, I will test the hypothesis that longer generational times in fish will be associated with a propensity for reversible phenotypes, as there may be less selective pressure to permanently adjust to current conditions. In BC, there is great interest in both the long-lived, primitive sturgeons, and more ephemeral, but hugely ecologically and economically important salmonids, that represent social and cultural icons on the West Coast. For the studies outlined here, I will focus on these two groups, sturgeon and salmon, as these anadromous, migratory fishes have substantially different life history strategies that may have contributed to different approaches to thermal tolerance. This work will provide knowledge that will help protect endemic stocks and mitigate climate change effects on species with great cultural, socioeconomic and ecological value to British Columbians. The unique, cutting-edge RAS facilities and location of Vancouver Island University are exceptionally well suited to begin this work, and over the course of five years, I intend to train 7 undergraduates, 2 M. Sc. students, and a Ph.D. student.

全球气候变化正在促成全世界河流系统温度升高的总体趋势。因此，人为因素导致的当地水生环境温度升高可能会对这些生态系统中的鱼类产生强烈的选择压力。动物如何科普环境的变化将预测种群对这些未来条件的反应。虽然我们对鱼类对变暖和变冷的急性反应有很多了解，但我们对热历史如何促进生理调整，从而保护鱼类免受慢性变暖或间歇性加热事件的影响知之甚少。我的研究项目主要集中在早期生命阶段的鱼的表型反应，以及如何暴露于高温可能会提高对未来热挑战的保护。为了解决这个问题，我打算描述的大小和时间的热保护收购的幼虫和幼鱼的发展过程中，由于预暴露于温度升高。我还将描述永久性热保护的比例（即，这是发育可塑性的结果，而不是通过驯化），当卵或仔鱼在不同的温度条件下饲养时。检查，然后，这种表型可塑性升高的温度在更广泛的背景下的生活史特征，我将测试的假设，即较长的世代时间在鱼将与可逆的表型的倾向，因为可能有较少的选择压力，永久地调整到目前的条件。 在公元前，人们对长寿的原始鲟鱼和更短暂但在生态和经济上非常重要的鲑鱼都有很大的兴趣，它们代表了西海岸的社会和文化象征。对于这里概述的研究，我将重点放在这两个群体，鲟鱼和鲑鱼，因为这些溯河产卵，洄游鱼类有很大的不同的生活史策略，可能有助于不同的方法耐热性。这项工作将提供知识，有助于保护特有种群，减轻气候变化对不列颠哥伦比亚人具有巨大文化、社会经济和生态价值的物种的影响。温哥华岛大学独特的、先进的RAS设施和地理位置非常适合开始这项工作，在五年的时间里，我打算培养7名本科生，2名M。学生，博士。学生.