Concern-Oriented Reuse

以关注为导向的重用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06610
• 负责人: Kienzle, Jörg
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713852
• 关键词: Concern; Oriented; Reuse

Reuse can increase the quality of software, while reducing development time and cost. Successful reuse techniques range from class libraries to components, services, frameworks, and Software Product Lines. Domain-specific knowledge can be reused by embedding it in domain-specific languages (DSL), models, model transformation tools and code generators based on the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) paradigm. While each technique in isolation has had important success, the ultimate goal of reuse, namely the industrialization of software production, has not become reality. The objective of this research program is to elaborate a theory of reuse that aligns the strengths of existing reuse technologies within a unifying framework. The vision is to apply advanced techniques for separation of concerns, i.e., aspect-orientation and feature-orientation, to define an encompassing reuse paradigm: concern-oriented reuse (CORE). A concern encapsulates everything about a development issue: 1) models at all relevant levels of abstraction, 2) a description of the choices and options that a concern offers to developers together with their impact on non-functional requirements, 3) an interface that describes how to customize the reused artifacts to the needs of the developer, potentially with a DSL specifically designed for manipulating the concepts of the concern, and 4) consistency rules and model transformations that automate proven multi-view development strategies and MDE generative approaches. Designed with support for evolution and collaboration, CORE will enable world-wide contributions from a growing user community to an open library of reusable concerns. The potential impact of CORE on software development (time, quality and cost benefits) is considerable. When choosing to reuse a solution from a concern, developers do not have to look through lengthy informal documentation, but benefit from the decision rationales provided for each solution variant. Composition of the reusable artifacts with application-specific models and code is safe, supported by tools and concern-specific DSLs. This decreases the reuse effort, makes reuse less error prone, and even accessible to non-experts. Finally, the availability of a reusable models in the concern library makes MDE a viable development choice. The envisioned common framework would make it possible to combine best practices from each reuse technique. A large scale adoption of CORE would allow software engineers to become concern specialists. Software providers could sell concerns, maintaining and evolving the concern over years, e.g., by adding new languages, features, and platform support, as they become relevant. Ultimately, libraries, reuse, and specialization would provide a clear structure to software development, and as a result align the practice of software engineering closer to what is done in other engineering disciplines.

重用可以提高软件质量，同时减少开发时间和成本。成功的重用技术范围从类库到组件、服务、框架和软件产品线。通过将特定领域的知识嵌入到基于模型驱动工程（MDE）范式的特定领域语言（DSL）、模型、模型转换工具和代码生成器中，可以重用特定领域的知识。虽然每种技术都取得了重要的成功，但重用的最终目标，即软件生产的工业化，尚未成为现实。 该研究计划的目标是阐述一种重用理论，将现有重用技术的优势整合到一个统一的框架内。愿景是应用先进的关注点分离技术，即面向方面和面向特征，来定义一个包罗万象的重用范例：面向关注点的重用（CORE）。关注点封装了有关开发问题的所有内容：1) 所有相关抽象级别的模型，2) 关注点向开发人员提供的选择和选项的描述以及它们对非功能性需求的影响，3) 一个描述如何根据开发人员的需求定制重用工件的接口，可能带有专门设计用于操作关注点概念的 DSL，以及 4) 一致性规则和模型转换，可自动执行经过验证的一致性规则和模型转换。 多视图开发策略和 MDE 生成方法。 CORE 的设计支持演进和协作，它将使全球范围内不断增长的用户社区能够为可重用关注点的开放库做出贡献。 CORE 对软件开发（时间、质量和成本效益）的潜在影响是相当大的。当选择重用某个问题的解决方案时，开发人员不必查看冗长的非正式文档，而是可以从为每个解决方案变体提供的决策原理中受益。可重用工件与特定于应用程序的模型和代码的组合是安全的，并受到工具和特定于关注点的 DSL 的支持。这减少了重用工作，使重用不易出错，甚至非专家也可以访问。最后，关注库中可重用模型的可用性使 MDE 成为可行的开发选择。 设想的通用框架将使结合每种重用技术的最佳实践成为可能。 CORE 的大规模采用将使软件工程师成为关注专家。软件提供商可以出售关注点，多年来维护和发展关注点，例如，在新的语言、功能和平台支持变得相关时添加新的语言、功能和平台支持。最终，库、重用和专业化将为软件开发提供清晰的结构，从而使软件工程实践更接近其他工程学科的实践。