Automation of Construction Operations through Modular and Offsite Technologies

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The proposed Discovery Grant supports industrialization of the building construction process through a manufacturing-centric approach, coordinating cross-disciplinary knowledge through the utilization of 3D virtual modelling. The long-term objective is to advance the science of construction automation and thereby reduce the gaps between engineering, manufacturing, and on-site installation of prefabricated buildings. The building information modelling (BIM)-based 3D modelling is expected to be information-intensive, enabling evaluation of project information through mathematical models in order to minimize material and process wastes, leveraging lean thinking to improve efficiency, reduce cost, reduce construction cycle time, increase safety, and improve environmental performance. To achieve this long-term goal, this research will focus on the development of manufacturing-centric BIM models, in order to support factory production efficiency and production control. In this research, 3D modelling will be transformed into an intelligent parametric system, thereby supporting an approach to project design rooted in manufacturing principles. The proposed research involves: (1) development of manufacturing-centric building information modelling; (2) 3D model-based factory production planning to increase productivity and flexibility; and (3) development of a 3D model-based data collection and production control system comprising (a) a scheduling module, (b) real-time production control using radio frequency identification (RFID), and (c) Simulation-based performance evaluation. This proposed research can be expected to bring the following benefits: innovative BIM applications; development of proof-of-concept integrated computer tools for design and drafting for manufacturing; development of combinatorial algorithms to minimize material waste; development of improved work methods and productivity standards; and applications of simulation and the use of RFID technology to improve construction manufacturing processes. This research can also be expected to garner considerable international interest and boost the profile of Canada as a centre of excellence for industrialized construction. The research results will be disseminated in leading international journals and at international conferences. In general, it is conceivable that significant improvement in the construction process and in productivity can be achieved by providing construction engineers with an intelligent repository of information, integrated with Lean thinking and simulation within the 3D CAD model.