Circulation of pathogenic and multidrug resistant Escherichia coli in animals

致病性和多重耐药性大肠杆菌在动物体内的循环

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06560
• 负责人: Fairbrother, John
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714311
• 关键词: Circulation; pathogenic; multidrug; resistant; Escherichia

Escherichia coli are common bacteria in the intestinal microbiota, and include a broad variety of different clones, ranging from highly pathogenic E. coli causing severe disease in animals to non-pathogenic commensal E. coli. A high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has been found in pathogenic and commensal E. coli isolates. Presently, both the pig and poultry industries are at a crossroad, with few alternatives for treatment of the resulting almost epidemic E. coli infections. However, little is known of how these strains are able to succeed in emerging and spreading and what bacterial or other factors may influence this. The overall goal of this research program is to investigate the spatio-temporal spread of antimicrobial resistant and pathogenic E. coli in pigs and poultry on-farm and to identify risk factors influencing this spread. We are using two models to help achieve this goal. 1- Withdrawal by the poultry industry of systematic administration of an antimicrobial to all chicks prior to hatching and 2-Emergence and epidemic spread of highly pathogenic and extensively drug resistant E. coli strains in pigs where preventive antimicrobial medication is used after weaning. In both models, a similar approach will be used for the characterization of E. coli isolates in order to investigate the mechanisms of emergence or disappearance of new extensively drug resistant clones and the relative role of clones and plasmids in the spread of antimicrobial resistance and virulence. The E. coli virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of isolates will be screened following whole genome sequencing and a more complete clonal analysis by whole genome phylogenetic approaches. A novel aspect of this research is that we have first-hand models using a real situation in which bacterial virulence and multidrug resistance are coming together to create a crisis situation. This research will improve our knowledge of how high-risk clones can emerge, circulate, and contribute to increasing the spread of antimicrobial resistance. It will shed some light on how to «manage» production animals in order to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance to acceptable levels, allowing the continued judicious use of key antimicrobials and reducing the risk of transmission of antimicrobial resistance determinants to humans.

大肠杆菌是肠道微生物群中常见的细菌，包括各种不同的克隆，从高致病性大肠杆菌，大肠杆菌引起的动物严重疾病的非致病性大肠杆菌。杆菌致病性大肠埃希菌和非致病性大肠埃希菌的耐药率较高。大肠杆菌分离株。目前，养猪业和家禽业都处于十字路口，几乎没有其他方法来治疗由此产生的流行性大肠杆菌。大肠杆菌感染。然而，很少有人知道这些菌株是如何成功地出现和传播的，以及什么细菌或其他因素可能会影响这一点。 本研究的总体目标是调查耐药和致病性大肠埃希菌的时空传播。本研究旨在评估农场内猪只及家禽的大肠杆菌感染情况，并找出影响这种传播的风险因素。我们正在使用两种模式来帮助实现这一目标。1-家禽业在孵化前对所有雏鸡系统地施用抗菌剂，2-高致病性和广泛耐药的大肠杆菌的出现和流行传播。在断奶后使用预防性抗菌药物的猪中存在大肠杆菌菌株。 在这两种模型中，将使用类似的方法来表征E。大肠杆菌分离株，以研究新的广泛耐药克隆的出现或消失的机制，以及克隆和质粒在抗生素耐药性和毒力传播中的相对作用。急诊通过全基因组测序和全基因组系统发育分析，筛选分离株的大肠杆菌毒力和耐药性基因谱。 这项研究的一个新的方面是，我们有第一手的模型，使用一个真实的情况下，细菌的毒力和多药耐药性走到一起，创造一个危机的情况。这项研究将提高我们对高风险克隆如何出现，传播和促进抗生素耐药性传播的认识。它将阐明如何“管理”生产动物，以将抗生素耐药性的传播减少到可接受的水平，允许继续明智地使用关键抗生素，并降低将抗生素耐药性决定因素传播给人类的风险。