Process Engineering for Advanced Chemically Bonded Ceramics (CBC)

我们的目标是实现室温或近室温处理的低成本、低CO2排放的化学结合陶瓷CBC，其具有高T（> 1000 C）抗性和靶向离子封装（例如重离子封装）。 金属或核废料）特性。 (I)室温或近室温 加工，和（II）使用化学反应，而不是烧结， 实现离子/共价键合的材料。适当处理 CBC可能导致高T（> 1000 C） 在低温（<100 ℃）工艺中获得的耐高温陶瓷，由于CBC化学反应形成离子/共价键， 并在高温下发生相变。将研究这些过程的动力学，以确定 在高温下，这种CBCs的耐火性增加速度加快。由于上述两个基本面 （I，II）CBC工艺及其矿物/废物原材料，与OPC相比，其CO2足迹可小10倍。具体来说，我们建议研究先进的CBCs（A）结构和（B）功能 广泛应用于环境 保护，分两个主题1、2： 主题 1：（1A）结构和（1B）功能酸活化的基础和应用研究 磷硅酸盐水泥（PhD#1）。长期目标 是开发磷酸结合矿物衍生的工艺技术， 低成本低碱（Na，K）铝硅酸钙（如钙长石）作为（1A）结构OPC的可行替代物，和（1B）功能性高温（耐火）陶瓷。1A和1B之间的重叠允许 在一个简单的，室温的过程中获得大量的高温 耐火水泥，用于耐火住宅、运输 (e.g.隧道）、工业（例如石化）或军事结构。 主题 2：碱活化的基础和应用研究（2A）结构和（2B）功能 地质聚合物GP（PhD #2）。专注于低成本， 碱活化偏高岭石和废料的室温处理 材料如铝硅酸盐粉煤灰，用于（2A）以一般OPC替代为目标的无定形、低CO2足迹GP的结构应用，和（2B）微结构工程的功能应用， 原位沸石结晶GP靶向Cs，Sr， 砷或重金属铅、汞。

We aim to achieve room- or near-room T processed low-cost, low-CO2 emission Chemically Bonded Ceramics CBC with high-T (> 1000C) resistance and targeted ion encapsulation (e.g. heavy metals or nuclear waste) properties. (I) room- or near-room-temperature processing, and (II) use of chemical reactions, rather than sintering, to achieve ionic/covalently bonded materials, will be utilized. Properly processed CBC may lead to high-T (>1000C) resistant ceramics obtained in a low-T (<100C) processes as the chemically reacting CBC form ionic/covalent bond and undergo phase transformations at elevated T. The kinetics of these processes will be studied to determine the speed of fire resistance increase of such CBCs exposed to elevated T. Because of the above two fundamentals (I, II) of CBC processes and their mineral/waste raw materials, their CO2 footprint could be up to 10x smaller as compared to OPC. Specifically, we propose research into advanced CBCs for (A) structural and (B) functional applications broadly related to environmental protection, in two Themes 1,2: Theme 1: Basic and Applied Studies on (1A) Structural and (1B) Functional Acid-Activated Phospho-Silicate Cements (PhD#1). The long-term objective is to develop process technology for phosphoric acid bonded mineral-derived, low-cost low-alkali (Na, K) calcium alumino-silicates (such as anorthite) as (1A) viable replacement of structural OPC, and (1B) functional high-temperature (refractory) ceramics. An overlap between 1A and 1B allows to obtain in a simple, room-temperature process large volumes of high-temperature resistant cements for applications in fire-sensitive residential, transportation (e.g. tunnels), industrial (e.g. petrochemical) or military structures. Theme 2: Basic and Applied Studies on Alkali-Activated (2A) Structural and (2B) Functional Geo-Polymers GP (PhD #2). The is focus on low-cost, room-temperature processing of alkali-activated metakaolinite and waste materials such as aluminosilicate fly-ash for (2A) structural applications of amorphous, low-CO2 footprint GP targeting general OPC replacement, and (2B) functional applications of microstructurally-engineered, in-situ zeolite-crystallized GP targeting absorption and retention of Cs, Sr, As, or heavy metals Pb, Hg.