Emergency Management with Social Networks

利用社交网络进行应急管理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06282
• 负责人: Rokne, Jon
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715039
• 关键词: Emergency; Management; Social; Networks

Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter have become ubiquitous as tools for rapid dissemination of all types of information for emergencies. In particular, the actors (participants and responders) in critical situations such as fire, terrorist attacks, earthquakes and hurricanes will try to acquire information on the occurrence of an emergency and about the state of the emergency as quickly and as accurately as possible in order to be able to implement emergency measures. In the past only scattered mostly local information was available through word of mouth and telephones. Today wireless communications, the Internet and in particular, social networks, are able to gather and disseminate orders of magnitude more information about the state of an emergency resulting in more effective emergency management. This research proposal will explore the gathering of information on emergencies, transmitting information about emergencies and managing emergencies using social networks. We will investigate and improve on current models for emergency detection using social network tools. We will work with MANET technology for maintaining wireless network connectivity during a critical situation. Given that connectivity is established and maintained we will gather and process social media information to assess its veracity with respect to the critical situation. Finally, the social network data will be used to guide the behaviour of actors in the emergency situation. The research proposal has three themes: Theme 1: Information gathering using social networks. We will crawl social network sites and filter the resulting data for indications of emergencies. Keyword extraction and veracity assessment will be applied to filter out false information. Theme 2: Information transmission for social networks. We will improve the methodology for using MANET technology for disaster management employing social networks when the communications infrastructure has been damaged. Theme 3: Emergency management using social networks. Simulating the emergency evacuation of structures will be implemented and tested using social network based crowd behaviour algorithms. The proposal will result in new ways of handling emergency situations. Challenges that are addressed in this proposal include how to use social networks to gather, inform and transmit emergency information so that emergencies are mitigated. This proposal in applying social networks to emergency management is established as a continuation of my past research record over 48 years which includes elevation to IEEE Fellow and an excellent research record as shown by the Hirsch h-index of 29 and a Researchgate score 40.28. I will also emphasize the recent appearance of the prestigious "Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining published by Springer Verlag and as a main organizer of ASONAM(The IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining.

“脸书”和“推特”等社交网络已成为迅速传播各类紧急情况信息的工具。特别是，在火灾、恐怖袭击、地震和飓风等危急情况下，行为者（参与者和应对者）将努力尽快和尽可能准确地获取关于紧急情况发生和紧急状态的信息，以便能够采取应急措施。在过去，人们只能通过口头和电话获得零散的、大部分是当地的信息。今天，无线通信、互联网以及特别是社交网络能够收集和传播关于紧急状态的数量级更多的信息，从而导致更有效的紧急管理。 本研究提案将探讨如何利用社交网络收集关于紧急情况的信息、传播关于紧急情况的信息和管理紧急情况。我们将研究和改进目前的模型，使用社交网络工具进行紧急检测。我们将与移动自组织网络技术在关键情况下保持无线网络连接。鉴于连通性已经建立并保持，我们将收集和处理社交媒体信息，以评估其在紧急情况下的真实性。最后，社会网络数据将用于指导行为体在紧急情况下的行为。 研究建议有三个主题： 专题1：利用社交网络收集信息。我们将抓取社交网站，并过滤由此产生的数据，以发现紧急情况的迹象。关键词提取和准确性评估将用于过滤虚假信息。 主题2：社交网络的信息传输。我们将改进在通信基础设施受损时利用社交网络将移动自组织网络技术用于灾害管理的方法。 专题3：利用社交网络进行应急管理。模拟建筑物的紧急疏散将使用基于社会网络的人群行为算法进行实施和测试。 该提案将带来处理紧急情况的新方法。本提案所涉及的挑战包括如何利用社交网络收集、通报和传递紧急情况信息，以便缓解紧急情况。 这项将社交网络应用于应急管理的提案是我过去48年研究记录的延续，其中包括晋升为IEEE研究员以及优秀的研究记录，如Hirsch h指数29和Researchgate分数所示40.28。我还将强调最近出现的著名的“社会网络分析和挖掘百科全书”，由施普林格出版社出版，并作为ASONAM（IEEE/ACM社会网络分析和挖掘进展国际会议）的主要组织者。