Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus

嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-06705
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The dairy industry is a significant part of our heritage and our economy. It is the third largest sector of the Canadian agri-food economy behind grains and red meats. In 2016 (last year for which data are available), dairy farming generated $6.2 billion and manufactured shipments of milk and dairy products equaled $17.7 billion. Overall, the dairy industry accounted for 15.8% of all processing sales in our nation's food and beverage sector. The dairy workforce includes 18,805 dairy farm operators while the manufacturing sector includes 22,904 jobs which are spread into the 471 Canadian dairy factories. Canada produces more than 1,050 cheeses that are listed in the Canadian Cheese Directory. Last year, Mozzarella and pizza cheeses were produced at a record level in Canada (> 148,000 kg, +2.0% from the previous year). A record level was also observed with the production of speciality cheeses (> 163,000 kg, +5.5% from the previous year). There is no indication that this production trend will change. However, our dairy industry faces intense competition in national and international markets and must deliver high-quality products. Cheese manufacture requires the inoculation of milk with carefully selected bacterial cells (starter culture) to properly control the fermentation and to obtain high-quality products. The starter culture is a combination of lactic acid-producing bacteria, from which Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the most important species. It is well documented that increased productivity within existing manufacturing facilities will lead to milk fermentation failures due to bacterial viruses (phages) that destroy the starter cultures. A shut down of production may even be required to thoroughly clean up the facilities. This natural phenomenon leads to low quality products and economic losses. Thus, constant phage monitoring and stringent application of phage control measures are indispensable. One of the key measures is to use phage-resistant bacterial cultures. CRISPR-Cas systems are by far the most important phage defense mechanisms in S. thermophilus and CRISPR-phage-resistant S. thermophilus strains are now used worldwide. However, phages are evolving and they have found ways to bypass the CRISPR-Cas defense systems. This fundamental research program on S. thermophilus will focus on three areas: 1) Phage biology, 2) Phage resistance, and 3) Plasmid biology. This grant will also train several students in various areas of biological sciences such as microbiology, virology, biochemistry, molecular biology, bioinformatics, and food sciences. This ambitious and state-of-the-art program will lead to the most comprehensive analysis of phage-host interactions in a Gram-positive bacterium. This research will provide fundamental knowledge to our Canadian dairy industry to give them a competitive edge. This knowledge will also be applicable to other bacterial strains susceptible to phage attack in industrial fermentations.
奶制品行业是我们遗产和经济的重要组成部分。它是加拿大农业食品经济的第三大部门,仅次于谷物和红肉。2016年(有数据的最后一年),奶牛场创造了62亿美元的收入,牛奶和乳制品的出货量相当于177亿美元。总体而言,乳制品行业占我国食品饮料行业加工销售额的15.8%。奶制品劳动力包括18,805名奶牛场经营者,而制造业包括22,904个工作岗位,这些工作岗位分布在加拿大的471家奶制品厂。加拿大生产的奶酪超过1,050种,列入《加拿大奶酪目录》。去年,莫扎里拉奶酪和披萨奶酪在加拿大的产量达到了创纪录的水平(14.8万公斤,比前一年增加了2.0%)。特种奶酪的产量也达到了创纪录的水平(>163,000公斤,比前一年增加了5.5%)。没有迹象表明这种生产趋势会改变。然而,我国乳制品行业面临着国内和国际市场的激烈竞争,必须提供高质量的产品。 奶酪生产需要用精心挑选的细菌细胞(发酵剂培养)接种牛奶,以适当控制发酵并获得高质量的产品。发酵剂是产乳酸菌的组合,嗜热链球菌是其中最重要的一种。众所周知,现有生产设施内生产率的提高将导致牛奶发酵失败,因为细菌病毒(噬菌体)会破坏发酵剂培养。甚至可能需要停产才能彻底清理这些设施。这一自然现象导致产品质量低下,造成经济损失。因此,持续的噬菌体监测和严格执行噬菌体控制措施是必不可少的。关键措施之一是使用抗噬菌体细菌培养物。CRISPR-Cas系统是迄今为止嗜热链球菌最重要的噬菌体防御机制,耐CRISPR噬菌体嗜热链霉菌株目前在世界范围内被广泛使用。然而,噬菌体正在进化,他们已经找到了绕过CRISPR-CAS防御系统的方法。嗜热链霉菌的基础研究将集中在三个方面:1)噬菌体生物学,2)噬菌体抗性,3)质粒生物学。这笔赠款还将培训几名学生在生物科学的各个领域,如微生物学、病毒学、生物化学、分子生物学、生物信息学和食品科学。 这一雄心勃勃的最先进的计划将导致对革兰氏阳性细菌中噬菌体-宿主相互作用的最全面分析。这项研究将为我们的加拿大乳制品行业提供基础知识,使其具有竞争优势。这一知识也将适用于工业发酵中其他易受噬菌体攻击的细菌菌株。

项目成果

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Moineau, Sylvain其他文献

An anti-CRISPR from a virulent streptococcal phage inhibits Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41564-017-0004-7
  • 发表时间:
    2017-10-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    28.3
  • 作者:
    Hynes, Alexander P.;Rousseau, Genevieve M.;Moineau, Sylvain
  • 通讯作者:
    Moineau, Sylvain
Identification and Characterization of the Phage Gene sav, Involved in Sensitivity to the Lactococcal Abortive Infection Mechanism AbiV
  • DOI:
    10.1128/aem.02093-08
  • 发表时间:
    2009-04-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.4
  • 作者:
    Haaber, Jakob;Rousseau, Genevieve M.;Moineau, Sylvain
  • 通讯作者:
    Moineau, Sylvain
Functional and structural basis for a bacteriophage homolog of human RAD52.
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.cub.2008.06.071
  • 发表时间:
    2008-08-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    9.2
  • 作者:
    Ploquin, Mickael;Bransi, Ali;Paquet, Eric R.;Stasiak, Alicja Z.;Stasiak, Andrzej;Yu, Xiong;Cieslinska, Anna M.;Egelman, Edward H.;Moineau, Sylvain;Masson, Jean-Yves
  • 通讯作者:
    Masson, Jean-Yves
Characterization of 1706, a virulent phage from Lactococcus lactis with similarities to prophages from other Firmicutes
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.virol.2007.12.002
  • 发表时间:
    2008-04-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.7
  • 作者:
    Garneau, Josiane E.;Tremblay, Denise M.;Moineau, Sylvain
  • 通讯作者:
    Moineau, Sylvain
Detecting natural adaptation of the Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR-Cas systems in research and classroom settings
  • DOI:
    10.1038/nprot.2016.186
  • 发表时间:
    2017-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    14.8
  • 作者:
    Hynes, Alexander P.;Lemay, Marie-Laurence;Moineau, Sylvain
  • 通讯作者:
    Moineau, Sylvain

Moineau, Sylvain的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Moineau, Sylvain', 18)}}的其他基金

Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les bactériophages
加拿大噬菌体研究主席
  • 批准号:
    CRC-2018-00307
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus
嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-06705
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus
嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-06705
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Nominated for the NSERC John C. Polanyi award
获得 NSERC 约翰·波兰尼奖提名
  • 批准号:
    493108-2017
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    John C. Polanyi Award
Amélioration des procédés de fabrication et de maturation du fromage cheddar
切达干酪制作和成熟过程的改进
  • 批准号:
    570488-2021
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Alliance Grants
Chaire De Recherche Du Canada Sur Les Bactériophages
加拿大噬菌体研究主席
  • 批准号:
    CRC-2018-00307
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Nominated for the NSERC John C. Polanyi award
获得 NSERC 约翰·波兰尼奖提名
  • 批准号:
    493108-2017
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    John C. Polanyi Award
Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les bactériophages
加拿大噬菌体研究主席
  • 批准号:
    1000232136-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les bactériophages
加拿大噬菌体研究主席
  • 批准号:
    1000232136-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Canada Research Chairs
Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus
嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-06705
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

相似海外基金

Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus
嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-06705
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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  • 财政年份:
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Bacteriophages and plasmids in Streptococcus thermophilus
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  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-05132
  • 财政年份:
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    $ 8.38万
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    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-05132
  • 财政年份:
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  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.38万
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嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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嗜热链球菌中的噬菌体和质粒
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