Identifying geohazards in glaciated valleys and building rural community resilience via bare-earth point cloud analysis and eco-sensitive mitigation

通过裸地点云分析和生态敏感缓解措施识别冰川山谷中的地质灾害并建立农村社区的复原力

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04400
• 负责人: Tannant, Dwayne
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717015
• 关键词: Identifying; geohazards; glaciated; valleys; building

World wide there have been thousands of fatalities caused by landslides and debris flows in previously glaciated valleys. Climate change, wildfires, and land disturbances (e.g., road construction) increase the occurrence of geohazards and their impacts. Rural communities, First Nations communities, and individuals exposed to the geohazards are often ill-equipped to respond to the geohazards, yet there are opportunities to enhance resiliency via appropriately designed and implemented eco-sensitive mitigation techniques. My long term research goal is to continue my past activities to reduce harm from geohazards. For the next five years, the research effort will concentrate on 1) improving our ability to identify potential debris flow or landslide locations and 2) developing new eco-sensitive geohazard mitigation solutions for rural communities with limited resources. The proposed research builds upon my extensive experience with rock slope geohazard assessments and mitigation. It also leverages skills developed with remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) for data collection in the field, and geospatial analysis of bare-earth point cloud data. Knowhow developed with machine learning tools applied to stability analyses for mines and rock slopes can be applied to geohazards in glaciated valleys. The short term objectives of the proposed research are to 1) Explore the interactions between human and climate change disturbances on the landscape (e.g., road construction or forest fires) and the triggering of landslides and debris flows with a focus on the particular geological and groundwater conditions that occur in glacial terrace deposits. 2) Assess the impact of previously ignored and seemingly insignificant disturbances to surface and subsurface flow from human activities or natural causes that subsequently trigger landslides or debris flows. 3) Exploit unprecedented levels of detail in bare-earth point cloud data to identify previously unrecognized geohazard locations along valleys using a multi-factor approach that relies on machine learning, algorithm training, and field verification. 4) Develop cost-effective and environmentally sustainable mitigation methods for these geohazards. The mitigation efforts will be focused on better water drainage plus the eco-sensitive design of debris flow deflection berms to protect individuals and rural communities exposed to the geohazards.

在世界范围内，以前冰川覆盖的山谷中有成千上万的人死于山体滑坡和泥石流。气候变化、野火和土地扰动（如道路建设）增加了地质灾害的发生及其影响。面临地质灾害的农村社区、第一民族社区和个人往往缺乏应对地质灾害的能力，但有机会通过适当设计和实施对生态敏感的缓解技术来增强复原力。我的长期研究目标是继续我过去的活动，以减少地质灾害的危害。在接下来的五年里，研究工作将集中在：1)提高我们识别潜在泥石流或滑坡位置的能力；2)为资源有限的农村社区开发新的生态敏感的地质灾害缓解解决方案。