The MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles) Upgrade for the MoEDAL-LHC Experiment at RUN-3

RUN-3 的 MoEDAL-LHC 实验的 MAPP（MoEDAL 粒子穿透装置）升级

• 批准号: SAPEQ-2020-00001
• 负责人: Pinfold, James
• 金额: $ 22.34万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718756
• 关键词: MAPP; MoEDAL; Apparatus; Penetrating; Particles

The MoEDAL (Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC) is the 1st of a series of "dedicated experiments" planned for the LHC and designed to search for the highly ionizing avatars of new physics in a complementary way to the main LHC detectors, ATLAS and CMS. The MoEDAL experiment, led by the MoEDAL-Alberta group, is carried out by a collaboration of 70 physicists from around the world. It is partially supported by an NSERC Discovery grant. MoEDAL started to take data in 2015 and has since then has established the world's most stringent limits on multiply charged magnetic monopole production. MoEDAL was also the world's 1st experiment to put limits on the direct production of spin-1 monopoles and the first LHC experiment to place limits on monopole production via photon fusion as well as the Drell-Yan (DY) process. MoEDAL papers reporting the world's best direct limits on Dyons, highly charged monopoles, and, on multiply electrically charged particles, are in the process of being submitted. The largely passive MoEDAL detector, deployed at Point 8 on the LHC ring, has a dual nature. First, it acts like a giant camera, comprised of nuclear track detectors - analyzed offline by ultra fast scanning microscopes - sensitive only to new physics. Second, it is uniquely able to trap the particle messengers of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) for further study. The radiation environment is monitored by a real-time TimePix pixel detector array. In order to push to higher energy (14 TeV) and luminosity (30 fb-1) the MoEDAL Collaboration will be taking data at LHC's RUN-3 (2021-2023). As part of this program the MoEDAL detector will be updated with the addition of a new subdetector called MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles). MAPP's purpose is to expand the physics reach of MoEDAL to include the search for: mini-charged particles (mCP) with charges as low as 0.001 the electron charge (e). and, weakly interacting very long-lived neutral particle messengers of new physics. Only the dedicated experiments, MOEDAL-MAPP and FASER, with complementary physics programs, will take data during LHC's upcoming RUN-3. The MoEDAL-Alberta group has the responsibility to design MAPP and also to construct the central MAPP mCP subdetector (MAPP-mCP). MAPP-mCP consists of two collinear sections with cross-sectional area 1.0 m2. Each section is comprised of 100 (10cm x 10cm) lengths comprised of 2 x 75 cm scintillator bars. Each bar is readout by a fast, low noise PMT that readout by specialized fast electronics, with a ToF resolution of 500 ps. Thus, each though-going particle will encounter 3m (4 bars) of scintillator, readout by 4 PMTs in coincidence. MAPP is protected from cosmic rays and SM particles from IP8, by: 100m rock overburden; at least 25 m of intervening rock; and, an active veto system. The MAPP mCP detector will greatly extend the ATLAS and CMS sensitivity to fractional charge which currently lies at only ~1/3e.

MoEDAL（LHC的单极和外来探测器）是LHC计划的一系列“专用实验”中的第一个，旨在以补充主要LHC探测器ATLAS和CMS的方式寻找新物理学的高度电离化身。MoEDAL实验由MoEDAL-Alberta小组领导，由来自世界各地的70名物理学家合作进行。它部分由NSERC发现授权支持。MoEDAL于2015年开始收集数据，并从那时起建立了世界上最严格的多电荷磁性材料生产限制。MoEDAL也是世界上第一个限制直接生产自旋1单极子的实验，也是第一个限制通过光子聚变和Drell-Yan（DY）过程生产自旋1单极子的LHC实验。能源和发展部报告世界上对Dyons、高度带电的单极子和多重带电粒子的最佳直接限制的论文正在提交过程中。 部署在LHC环上第8点的主要被动MoEDAL探测器具有双重性质。首先，它就像一个巨大的相机，由核径迹探测器组成-通过超快速扫描显微镜离线分析-只对新物理敏感。 其次，它是唯一能够捕获物理学的粒子信使超越标准模型（SM）进行进一步研究。辐射环境由实时TimePix像素探测器阵列监测。为了推动更高的能量（14 TeV）和光度（30 fb-1），MoEDAL合作将在LHC的RUN-3（2021-2023）中获取数据。作为该计划的一部分，MoEDAL探测器将进行更新，增加一个新的子探测器，称为MAPP（MoEDAL穿透粒子装置）。MAPP的目的是扩大MoEDAL的物理范围，包括寻找：电荷低至0.001电子电荷（e）的微型带电粒子（mCP）。 以及新物理学的弱相互作用的长寿中性粒子信使。 只有专门的实验，MOEDAL-MAPP和FASER，以及补充的物理程序，将在 LHC的RUN-3 能源和发展部-阿尔伯塔省小组负责设计MAPP，并建造中央MAPP mCP子探测器（MAPP-mCP）。MAPP-mCP由两个横截面积为1.0 m2的共线部分组成。每个切片由100个（10 cm x 10 cm）长度的2 x 75 cm闪烁体条组成。每个条由快速、低噪声PMT读出，该PMT由专门的快速电子器件读出，ToF分辨率为500 ps。因此，每个正在行进的粒子将遇到3米（4巴）的闪烁体，由4个PMT同时读出。MAPP通过以下方式免受来自IP 8的宇宙射线和SM粒子的影响：100米的岩石覆盖层;至少25米的居间岩石;以及主动否决系统。MAPP mCP探测器将极大地扩展ATLAS和CMS对分数电荷的灵敏度，目前分数电荷仅为~1/3e。