The MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles (MAPP) at the LHC - Part (2)

LHC 的 MoEDAL 粒子穿透装置 (MAPP) - 第 (2) 部分

• 批准号: SAPEQ-2022-00005
• 负责人: Pinfold, James
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762550
• 关键词: MoEDAL; Apparatus; Penetrating; Particles; MAPP

The MoEDAL (Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC) is the 1st  "dedicated search experiment" to be deployed at  the LHC. It is designed to search for the highly ionizing  particle (HIP) avatars of new physics in a complementary way to the main LHC detectors, ATLAS and CMS. The MoEDAL experiment, led by the MoEDAL-Alberta group, is carried out by a international collaboration of 70 physicists. It is partially supported by an NSERC Discovery grant. MoEDAL started to take data in 2015 and has since then established the world's most stringent limits on:  multiply charged magnetic monopole production. It is also the first experiment to place limits on:  the direct production of spin1 monopoles; dyons, particles with electric and magnetic charge; and,  monopoles produced  in heavy-ion collisions via the Schwinger mechanism.  MoEDAL was also the first experiment to  place limits on monopole production via photon fusion at the LHC. MoEDAL papers reporting the world's best experimental limits  on massive electrically charged HIPs, are in the process of being submitted. MoEDAL will be reinstalled to take data at LHC's Run-3 starting in 2022 with the addition of a new sub-detector called MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles). MAPP's purpose is to expand MoEDAL's  physics reach to include the search for Feebly Interacting Particles, such as  mini-charged particles (mCP) with charge as low as 0.001e, where e is the electron charge. The funding for the construction of the MAPP-mcP detector was largely provided by a Category-2 RTI grant awarded in 2020.  MAPP-mCP consists of 4 collinear sections with cross-sectional area 1 sqm. Each section is comprised of 100 (10cm x 10cm x 75cm) scintillator bars readout by a fast, low noise PMT and specialized fast electronics. Thus, each through going particle will encounter 3m of scintillator, readout by 4 PMTs in coincidence. MAPP is protected from cosmic rays and SM particles from IP8, by: 100m rock overburden; at least 30 m of intervening rock; and, an active veto system. The MAPP-mCP detector will greatly extend the LHC's sensitivity to fractional charge which currently lies at only ~1/3e. This request has two parts. The 1st  part is for additional funding to finish the MAPP-mCP detector. This is required because our  Chinese PMT supplier (HZK) ceased trading in 2021  before all 400 PMTs were delivered, due to financial problems arising from the   Covid-19 pandemic. As a result we have to purchase the last 100 PMTs from Hamamatsu as a much higher price. We are asking for the difference is the cost between 100 HZK PMTs, already funded,  and 100 equivalent  Hamamatsu PMTs. The 2nd part of the request,  is for  an outrigger scintillator detector to improve the MAPP-mQP's acceptance for higher mass milli-charged particles. Here the funds are needed to provide additional scintillator material to add to a contribution of scintillator from the EXO-200 collaboration, in order to complete the detector.

MoEDAL（Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC）是第一个在LHC部署的“专用搜索实验”。它的目的是寻找新物理学的高电离粒子（HIP）化身，以补充主要的LHC探测器ATLAS和CMS。MoEDAL实验由MoEDAL-Alberta小组领导，由70名物理学家组成的国际合作进行。它部分由NSERC发现授权支持。MoEDAL于2015年开始收集数据，并从那时起建立了世界上最严格的限制：多电荷磁性材料的生产。它也是第一个限制以下几个方面的实验：自旋1单极子的直接产生;双子，带有电荷和磁荷的粒子;以及通过施温格机制在重离子碰撞中产生的单极子。 MoEDAL也是第一个限制在LHC通过光子聚变产生氘的实验。能源和发展部报告了世界上关于大规模带电HIP的最佳实验极限的论文正在提交过程中。 MoEDAL将被重新安装，以便从2022年开始在LHC的Run-3中获取数据，并增加一个名为MAPP（MoEDAL穿透粒子装置）的新子探测器。MAPP的目的是扩大MoEDAL的物理范围，包括寻找弱相互作用粒子，例如电荷低至0.001e的微型带电粒子（mCP），其中e是电子电荷。建造MAPP-mcP探测器的资金主要由2020年授予的第2类RTI拨款提供。 MAPP-mCP由4个共线部分组成，横截面积为1平方米。每个部分由100个（10 cm x 10 cm x 75 cm）闪烁体条组成，通过快速、低噪声PMT和专用快速电子设备读出。因此，每个穿过的粒子将遇到3米的闪烁体，由4个PMT同时读出。MAPP通过以下方式免受来自IP 8的宇宙射线和SM粒子的影响：100米的岩石覆盖层;至少30米的居间岩石;以及主动否决系统。MAPP-mCP探测器将大大扩展LHC对分数电荷的灵敏度，目前分数电荷仅为1/3e。这项请求有两个部分。第一部分是额外的资金，以完成MAPP-mCP探测器。这是因为我们的中国光电倍增管供应商（HZK）在所有400台光电倍增管交付之前，由于 2019冠状病毒病大流行。因此，我们不得不以更高的价格从滨松购买最后100台PMT。我们要求的差额是100台HZK PMT（已资助）和100台同等的Hamamatsu PMT之间的成本。请求的第二部分是外伸支架闪烁体探测器，以提高MAPP-mQP对更高质量毫荷电粒子的接受度。这里需要资金来提供额外的闪烁体材料，以增加EXO-200合作的闪烁体贡献，以完成探测器。