Solution of optimization problems for group decision making

群体决策优化问题的求解

• 批准号: 566661-2021
• 负责人: Fukasawa, Ricardo
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=720070
• 关键词: Solution; optimization; problems; group; decision

Taking decisions that involve and affect multiple people is ubiquitous in personal, governmental, and enterprise settings. Such decisions always involve trade-offs and are bound to make some people happier than others. In addition, polarization has been increasingly present in our society and decisions that achieve a better compromise and avoid such polarization have become increasingly important. The classic approach for group decision commonly relies on binary for/against voting which overlooks the complexity of decision making and inherently divides people into winners and losers. Furthermore, this superficial engagement of participants fails to capture insights from the stakeholders and creates an imbalance that favors individuals with political and social power. The alternative is to harness crowd wisdom by enabling an environment to collect rich community feedback that extends beyond binary voting and allows the stakeholders to evaluate various options, propose ideas, and weigh priorities. The loop is then closed by showing the trade-offs among the different options and explaining the decisions in order to eliminate polarization and promote broadly supported decision.Ethelo is a Canadian company that provides an internet technology platform with a mission to promote democratic policy-making and help organizations identify smart and fair decisions. The purpose of this proposal is to study one of the key components in the Ethelo engine, namely an optimization problem that attempts to characterize and obtain the best decisions according to a criterion that includes such fairness components. The expected outcome is to make the Ethelo tool significantly faster, greatly improving on the usability and applicability of their tool.

在个人、政府和企业环境中，做出涉及并影响多人的决策是普遍存在的。这样的决定总是涉及权衡，并且必然会让一些人比其他人更快乐。此外，两极分化在我们的社会中越来越普遍，实现更好妥协并避免这种两极分化的决策变得越来越重要。群体决策的经典方法通常依赖于支持/反对的二元投票，这种方法忽视了决策的复杂性，并且本质上将人们分为赢家和输家。此外，参与者的这种肤浅参与无法获取利益相关者的见解，并造成了有利于拥有政治和社会权力的个人的不平衡。另一种方法是通过创建一个收集丰富社区反馈的环境来利用群体智慧，这种反馈不仅限于二元投票，还允许利益相关者评估各种选项、提出想法并权衡优先事项。然后，通过显示不同选项之间的权衡并解释决策来关闭循环，以消除两极分化并促进得到广泛支持的决策。Ethelo 是一家加拿大公司，提供互联网技术平台，其使命是促进民主决策并帮助组织识别明智和公平的决策。 该提案的目的是研究 Ethelo 引擎中的关键组件之一，即优化问题，尝试根据包含此类公平组件的标准来表征并获得最佳决策。预期结果是使 Ethelo 工具的速度显着加快，从而大大提高其工具的可用性和适用性。