Modelling of timber buildings connections

木材是一种可再生材料，因此它在建筑中的使用提供了许多环境效益。然而，当用于建造中高层建筑时，通常用于房屋中的轻型框架木材（LFW）系统不具有足够的强度来抵抗所施加的环境载荷。一种具有先进机械性能的替代材料可以克服LFW的局限性，那就是重型木材。 随着行业目标转向建造更环保的建筑物，对重型木材的需求正在增加。各种元素之间的连接，例如梁和柱之间，以及墙和地板之间，是重型木结构建筑的挑战性组成部分。 这些连接通常由钢制成，需要具有足够的强度和刚度，以便木结构建筑在强风和地震事件产生的荷载下能够达到令人满意的性能。在本提案中，将开发详细的有限元（应力分析）计算机模型，模拟连接的所有部分，包括木材组件、钢板、紧固件以及木材和钢材之间的相互作用。这项研究的结果将是标准连接的发展，是兼容不同尺寸的木元素和连接可以经历由于各种环境负荷作用在木建筑上的力量。两个安大略公司将有助于这项研究;哈斯科钢铁制造公司和IE设计咨询工程公司。在此应用中，Hassco和IE Design将成立一家合资企业，IE Design将根据Hassco生产的连接设计木结构建筑。这项研究将有助于在高层建筑中推广使用重型木材来取代混凝土和钢材。除了环境效益外，这将为加拿大作为世界上最大的木材生产国之一提供巨大的优势。全球都要求在建筑中增加天然材料的使用，以限制碳排放。因此，这项研究也将在国际上产生重大影响。

Wood is a renewable material so its use in construction provides many environmental benefits. However, when used in the construction of medium and high-rise buildings, light frame wood (LFW) systems, typically employed in houses, do not have enough strength to resist the applied environmental loads. An alternative material with advanced mechanical properties that could overcome the limitations of LFW is heavy timber. As the industry's goals shift to construct buildings that are more environmentally friendly, the demand for heavy timber is increasing. The connections between various elements, such as between beams and columns, and between the walls and the floors, are the challenging components of a heavy timber building. Those connections, which are usually made of steel, need to have enough strength and stiffness so timber buildings would achieve satisfactory performance under the loads resulting from strong wind and seismic events. In this proposal, detailed finite element (stress analysis) computer models, which simulate all parts of the connections including the timber components, the steel plates, the fasteners and the interaction between the timber and the steel, will be developed. An outcome of this research will be the development of standard connections that are compatible with different sizes of timber elements and forces that the connections can experience due to various environmental loads acting on timber buildings. Two Ontario companies will contribute to this research; Hassco a Steel Fabrication company and IE Design a Consulting Engineering Firm. A joint venture will be formed between Hassco and IE Design in this application where timber buildings will be designed by IE Design based on the connections produced by Hassco. The research will contribute to the spread of the use of heavy timber in the construction of high-rise buildings replacing concrete and steel. In addition to the environmental benefits, this will provide great advantages for Canada as one of the largest wood producing countries in the world. There is global demand to increase the use of natural materials in construction in order to limit carbon emission. Consequently, this research will be also of great impact internationally.