Exploring new frontiers in quantum information and open quantum systems using superconducting flux quantum bits

使用超导通量量子位探索量子信息和开放量子系统的新领域

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05635
• 负责人: Lupascu, Adrian
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=738416
• 关键词: Exploring; new; frontiers; quantum; information

The field of "artificial atoms" has grown tremendously over the past decade. Artificial atoms are small (nanometers to micrometers size) systems formed of superconductors. These systems behave quantum mechanically, similarly to atoms, however, their properties can be changed by design. Artificial atoms are interesting from a fundamental point of view, due to their quantum properties and the way in which they interact with their environment. Moreover, artificial atoms have become the main candidates for the implementation of quantum bits (or qubits), the building blocks of a powerful quantum computer. The proposed research program will have several thrusts, combining fundamental and applied research on superconducting artificial atoms. One unifying aspect of the proposed research is the use of one type of superconducting artificial atom - the so called flux qubit. We will build on recent developments of flux qubits with improved preservation of quantum information, or quantum coherence. The first direction we will explore is the development of improved quantum computing architectures. Quantum logic gates with flux qubits can benefit from the qubit energy level structure, which enables fast quantum gates. The increased speed, in combination with long coherence times, have the potential to reduce the errors of quantum logic gates, essential for quantum computing implementation. The second research direction will be the investigation of a new regime for atom-electromagnetic field strong interactions. A single atom coupled to the electromagnetic field is a paradigmatic open quantum system and this research will explore a new territory in this area. Finally, we will pursue experimental tests of relativistic quantum information. This is a new area of research that aims to include relativistic effects in the framework of quantum information. A fundamental prediction in this field is the ability to generate quantum correlations between two atoms at large distances. Artificial atoms are uniquely suited for these tests, due to their strong controllable coupling to light. We expect this program to have a significant and broad impact for implementation of quantum technologies and for fundamental research in the areas of quantum information, open quantum systems, and quantum optics. This research will be carried out by graduate and undergraduate students and postdoctoral researchers. These individuals will receive theoretical training in quantum information, superconductivity, and quantum physics and practical training in cryogenics, microwave electronics, microfabrication, and software. These skills will allow them to pursue an academic career or to work in companies focused on superconducting qubits, other areas of quantum information, software, and electronics manufacturing. This program will contribute to maintaining Canada at the forefront of research in quantum science and technologies.

“人造原子”领域在过去十年中取得了巨大的发展。人造原子是由超导体形成的小型（纳米到微米大小）系统。这些系统的行为与原子类似，具有量子力学特征，但是它们的特性可以通过设计改变。从基本角度来看，人造原子很有趣，因为它们的量子特性以及它们与环境相互作用的方式。此外，人造原子已成为实现量子位（或量子位）的主要候选者，量子位是强大的量子计算机的构建模块。 拟议的研究计划将有几个主旨，结合超导人造原子的基础研究和应用研究。拟议研究的一个统一方面是使用一种超导人造原子——所谓的通量量子位。我们将在通量量子位的最新发展的基础上，改进量子信息或量子相干性的保存。我们将探索的第一个方向是改进量子计算架构的开发。具有通量量子位的量子逻辑门可以受益于量子位能级结构，从而实现快速量子门。速度的提高与较长的相干时间相结合，有可能减少量子逻辑门的错误，这对于量子计算的实现至关重要。第二个研究方向是研究原子-电磁场强相互作用的新机制。耦合到电磁场的单个原子是一个典型的开放量子系统，这项研究将探索该领域的新领域。最后，我们将进行相对论量子信息的实验测试。这是一个新的研究领域，旨在将相对论效应纳入量子信息的框架中。该领域的一个基本预测是能够在两个远距离原子之间产生量子相关性。人造原子由于其与光的强可控耦合而特别适合这些测试。我们预计该计划将对量子技术的实施以及量子信息、开放量子系统和量子光学领域的基础研究产生重大而广泛的影响。这项研究将由研究生和本科生以及博士后研究人员进行。这些人将接受量子信息、超导和量子物理方面的理论培训以及低温学、微波电子学、微加工和软件方面的实践培训。这些技能将使他们能够从事学术职业或在专注于超导量子位、量子信息、软件和电子制造其他领域的公司工作。该计划将有助于保持加拿大在量子科学和技术研究的前沿。