Exploring new frontiers in quantum information and open quantum systems using superconducting flux quantum bits

使用超导通量量子位探索量子信息和开放量子系统的新领域

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05635
• 负责人: Lupascu, Adrian
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=738416
• 关键词: Exploring; new; frontiers; quantum; information

The field of "artificial atoms" has grown tremendously over the past decade. Artificial atoms are small (nanometers to micrometers size) systems formed of superconductors. These systems behave quantum mechanically, similarly to atoms, however, their properties can be changed by design. Artificial atoms are interesting from a fundamental point of view, due to their quantum properties and the way in which they interact with their environment. Moreover, artificial atoms have become the main candidates for the implementation of quantum bits (or qubits), the building blocks of a powerful quantum computer. The proposed research program will have several thrusts, combining fundamental and applied research on superconducting artificial atoms. One unifying aspect of the proposed research is the use of one type of superconducting artificial atom - the so called flux qubit. We will build on recent developments of flux qubits with improved preservation of quantum information, or quantum coherence. The first direction we will explore is the development of improved quantum computing architectures. Quantum logic gates with flux qubits can benefit from the qubit energy level structure, which enables fast quantum gates. The increased speed, in combination with long coherence times, have the potential to reduce the errors of quantum logic gates, essential for quantum computing implementation. The second research direction will be the investigation of a new regime for atom-electromagnetic field strong interactions. A single atom coupled to the electromagnetic field is a paradigmatic open quantum system and this research will explore a new territory in this area. Finally, we will pursue experimental tests of relativistic quantum information. This is a new area of research that aims to include relativistic effects in the framework of quantum information. A fundamental prediction in this field is the ability to generate quantum correlations between two atoms at large distances. Artificial atoms are uniquely suited for these tests, due to their strong controllable coupling to light. We expect this program to have a significant and broad impact for implementation of quantum technologies and for fundamental research in the areas of quantum information, open quantum systems, and quantum optics. This research will be carried out by graduate and undergraduate students and postdoctoral researchers. These individuals will receive theoretical training in quantum information, superconductivity, and quantum physics and practical training in cryogenics, microwave electronics, microfabrication, and software. These skills will allow them to pursue an academic career or to work in companies focused on superconducting qubits, other areas of quantum information, software, and electronics manufacturing. This program will contribute to maintaining Canada at the forefront of research in quantum science and technologies.

“人造原子”领域在过去十年中发展迅速。人造原子是由超导体形成的小（纳米到微米大小）系统。这些系统的量子力学行为与原子类似，然而，它们的性质可以通过设计来改变。从基本的角度来看，人造原子是有趣的，因为它们的量子特性以及它们与环境相互作用的方式。此外，人造原子已经成为实现量子比特（或量子比特）的主要候选者，量子比特是强大量子计算机的基石。 拟议的研究计划将有几个重点，结合超导人造原子的基础和应用研究。拟议研究的一个统一方面是使用一种超导人造原子-所谓的通量量子比特。我们将建立在通量量子比特的最新发展基础上，改进量子信息或量子相干性的保存。我们将探索的第一个方向是改进量子计算架构的发展。具有通量量子位的量子逻辑门可以受益于量子位能级结构，这使得能够实现快速量子门。提高的速度，加上较长的相干时间，有可能减少量子逻辑门的错误，这对量子计算的实现至关重要。第二个研究方向是研究原子与电磁场强相互作用的新机制。与电磁场耦合的单原子是一个典型的开放量子系统，本研究将在这一领域开拓一个新的领域。最后，我们将进行相对论量子信息的实验测试。这是一个新的研究领域，旨在将相对论效应纳入量子信息的框架。在这个领域的一个基本预测是能够在两个原子之间产生量子关联在很大的距离。人造原子是唯一适合这些测试，由于其强大的可控耦合到光。我们希望该计划对量子技术的实施以及量子信息，开放量子系统和量子光学领域的基础研究产生重大而广泛的影响。这项研究将由研究生和本科生以及博士后研究人员进行。这些人将接受量子信息，超导性和量子物理学的理论培训，以及低温学，微波电子学，微加工和软件的实践培训。这些技能将使他们能够从事学术生涯或在专注于超导量子比特，量子信息，软件和电子制造的其他领域的公司工作。该计划将有助于保持加拿大在量子科学和技术研究的前沿。