Relativistic Quantum Information: Applications and foundations in Quantum Information, Relativity and Machine Learning

相对论量子信息：量子信息、相对论和机器学习的应用和基础

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04081
• 负责人: MartinMartinez, Eduardo
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739658
• 关键词: Relativistic; Quantum; Information; Applications; foundations

Over the past decade, a new field of high research intensity has emerged: Relativistic Quantum Information (RQI). RQI brings together the two pillars of modern physics, general relativity and quantum theory, with information theory. The results in the field of RQI range from new insights into the laws of Nature (e.g. black hole physics and cosmology) all the way to concrete applications in quantum computing and quantum-secured communication. In particular, the study of relativistic effects in quantum information processing has recently become more important due to improvements both in theory and in technology. Experiments in quantum optics, superconducting circuits and Bose-Einstein condensates can now probe relativistic influences on quantum information. Protocols that distribute entanglement over hundreds of kilometers are now reaching regimes where relativistic effects are becoming important, and satellite experiments are being developed that will measure gravitational effects on quantum entanglement. This proposal seeks to investigate some of the key theoretical and applied questions in the field of RQI: Which relativistic settings have an advantage over non-relativistic ones in quantum information technologies such as quantum cryptography or quantum computing? Can the fluctuations of a quantum field provide a practical and renewable source of quantum entanglement?  Concretely, the proposed research investigates the processing of quantum information in still unexplored regimes in quantum field theory, ultra-fast quantum optics and superconducting circuits where both Einstein's relativity and quantum theory are necessary to understand the processing and flow of information. Furthermore, the proposed research explores the use of deep learning and other machine learning techniques to study measurements and correlations in quantum field theory. In particular this proposal will investigate how neural networks can be applied to the problem of classifying non-local features of QFTs using probe data from measurements obtained coupling particle detectors locally (in space and time) to the field. The long term objective is to develop a new way of exploring measurement theory in relativistic quantum mechanics and field theory connecting deep notions in theoretical physic such as holography in quantum gravity and the entanglement in quantum field theories with the latest techniques in data processing. These studies will advance our fundamental knowledge of quantum theory and relativity. At the same time, will potentially have a significant long-term impact on Canada's economy and industry developing the Canadian expertise in machine learning and in quantum technologies. Concretely, applying knowledge acquired through the theoretical studies to the development of applications in quantum computing, quantum-secured communication and the development of measurement devices with sensitivities much beyond the limits of current technologies.

在过去的十年中，出现了一个新的高研究强度的领域：相对论量子信息（RQI）。RQI汇集了现代物理学的两大支柱，广义相对论和量子理论，以及信息论。RQI领域的成果从对自然规律（例如黑洞物理学和宇宙学）的新见解一直到量子计算和量子安全通信的具体应用。特别是量子信息处理中相对论效应的研究，由于理论和技术的进步，最近变得更加重要。量子光学、超导电路和玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验现在可以探测相对论对量子信息的影响。在数百公里范围内传播纠缠的协议现在已经达到了相对论效应变得重要的程度，正在开发的卫星实验将测量引力对量子纠缠的影响。该提案旨在研究RQI领域的一些关键理论和应用问题：在量子信息技术（如量子密码学或量子计算）中，哪些相对论设置比非相对论设置更有优势？量子场的涨落能提供一个实用的、可再生的量子纠缠源吗？ 具体地说，拟议的研究调查了量子场论，超快量子光学和超导电路中尚未探索的量子信息的处理，爱因斯坦的相对论和量子理论对于理解信息的处理和流动都是必要的。 此外，拟议的研究探索了使用深度学习和其他机器学习技术来研究量子场论中的测量和相关性。特别是这个建议将研究如何神经网络可以应用到QFT的非本地功能的分类问题，使用探针数据从测量获得耦合粒子探测器本地（在空间和时间）的字段。长期目标是开发一种新的方法来探索相对论量子力学和场论中的测量理论，将量子引力中的全息术和量子场论中的纠缠等理论知识与最新的数据处理技术联系起来。 这些研究将推进我们对量子理论和相对论的基础知识。与此同时，这将对加拿大的经济和工业产生重大的长期影响，发展加拿大在机器学习和量子技术方面的专业知识。具体而言，将通过理论研究获得的知识应用于量子计算，量子安全通信和测量设备的开发，其灵敏度远远超出当前技术的限制。