Investigation of Transport Phenomena for Performance Improvement of Energy Systems

这项研究提供预报器来控制能源系统中的传输现象，以提高其整体性能和效率。这些创新的贡献应用了基于熵和火用的方法，以深入了解具有热传递的多相流。这项研究的独特之处在于动量、能量和质量传输与熵和热力学第二定律之间的相似之处。拟议的研究将有助于推动加拿大和国际能源系统的发展。这项研究的主要应用领域之一是氢能，这是一种汽车行业感兴趣的清洁燃料。本研究探讨了热化学铜氯(CuCl2)循环制氢。这是一项优势技术，可以大规模生产氢气，缓解人们对气候变化的担忧。这项建议的重点是更好地了解铜-氯循环中的输送现象，并通过第二定律确定并尽量减少损失，从而使该循环的未来工业化成为可能。文献中对铜氯制氢循环单元操作中的传质和换热的实验研究很有限。因此，本研究计划的目标是提供有关周期内不可逆性的更详细信息，并改善其整体性能。加拿大是国际上公认的氢气研究、开发和利用的领先者。向氢气经济转型将减少对气候、空气质量和能源安全的担忧，并为加拿大人创造新的经济机会。据估计，加拿大氢气生产和利用部门每年产生约2亿美元的收入。为了保持全球竞争力，需要进一步的研究来继续这种技术创新和应对气候变化。该研究计划将为HQP的培训和与加拿大国内外合作伙伴的合作提供宝贵的机会。考虑到安大略省为安大略省政府(GO)区域快速轨道交通系统采用氢气作为清洁燃料所做的努力，这也具有重要意义。这项研究的结果将有助于将加拿大定位为低碳智能移动技术的全球领导者。此外，本研究中建立的关联性将改进车辆动力总成的设计，并防止因冷凝液夹带而导致的车辆失速等安全问题。这些进步还将有助于发展该国的低碳技术生态系统，从而促进就业增长和长期经济发展。

This research delivers predictors to control transport phenomena in energy systems to improve their overall performance and efficiency. The innovative contributions apply entropy and exergy-based methods to gain insight into multiphase flows with heat transfer. The unique features of the research involve the parallels between momentum, energy, and mass transport with respect to entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The proposed research will contribute to advancing energy systems in Canada and internationally. One of the main application areas of this research is hydrogen energy, a clean fuel of interest to the automotive sector. Hydrogen production via the thermochemical copper-chlorine (Cu-Cl) cycle is explored in this research. This is an advantageous technology that could produce hydrogen at a large scale and alleviate climate change concerns. The focus of this proposal is to gain a better understanding of transport phenomena in the Cu-Cl cycle and make future industrialization of the cycle possible by identifying and minimizing losses via the Second Law. Limited experimental studies of mass and heat transfer in unit operations of the Cu-Cl cycle for hydrogen production exist in the literature. Hence, the goal of this research program is to provide more detailed information on the irreversibilities within the cycle and improve its overall performance. Canada is recognized internationally as a leader in hydrogen research, development, and utilization. Transitioning to a hydrogen-based economy would reduce concerns related to climate, air quality, and energy security as well as create new economic opportunities for Canadians. It is estimated that the Canadian hydrogen generation and utilization sector generates about $200 million per year in revenue. To remain globally competitive, further research is needed to continue this technological innovation and address climate change. The research program will provide valuable opportunities for the training of HQP and collaboration with partners in Canada and abroad. It is also significant when considering Ontario's efforts to adopt hydrogen as a clean fuel for the Government of Ontario (GO) Regional Express Rail Transit System. The outcome of this research will help to position Canada as a global leader in low-carbon smart mobility technologies. Additionally, the correlations developed in this research will improve the design of vehicle powertrains and prevent safety concerns such as vehicle stall due to condensate entrainment. These advancements will also help to grow the low-carbon technology eco-system in the country, leading to job growth and long-term economic development.