Advanced Battery Research for a Future with Sustainable Energy, Mobility, and Water

先进电池研究，打造可持续能源、交通和水的未来

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-02383
• 负责人: Metzger, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741043
• 关键词: Advanced; Battery; Research; Future; Sustainable

"Advanced Battery Research for a Future with Sustainable Energy, Mobility, and Water" We research high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIB), develop long-lived lithium metal batteries (LMB) and create revolutionary devices for energy-efficient water desalination, so-called "desalination batteries" (DSB) in order to fulfill our group's mission to bring us closer to a future with sustainable energy, mobility, and water. Advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIB) - The mass market adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is mostly hindered by the battery pack cost, which today still makes for ~50% of the BEV cost. To bring down battery cost we will use lower cost materials, raise the cell energy by charging to higher voltages, and extend battery lifetime. Specifically, we will construct the world's first multi-channel on-line electrochemical mass spectrometer (multi-OEMS) for real-time quantification of gases generated in battery cells. We will employ this unique tool to accurately quantify - for the first time - the gas release of novel Co-free cathodes, which prevents their use in commercial cells. Lithium metal batteries (LMB) - The lithium metal anode receives considerable attention from industry as a technology to increase the energy density of rechargeable batteries by ~50%. Employing polymer or ceramic electrolytes in combination with a lithium metal anode in so-called "all-solid-state batteries" is hindered by manufacturability and cost. We pursue an alternative route towards safe, high-energy LMBs: The combination of advanced liquid electrolytes with anode-free cells that require no excess lithium since all lithium is stored in the cathode material at beginning of life. This "high risk, high reward" research problem can lead to a breakthrough in battery energy density for ultra-long range BEVs, electric trucks and aircraft. Desalination batteries (DSB) - There is currently no energy-efficient desalination technology to fight the growing problem of freshwater scarcity. In our lab we combine battery knowhow with a keen interest in environmental topics, so we will demonstrate that intercalation of salt ions into crystalline host structures - a concept well known from the lithium-ion battery field, but new in water desalination - can be a groundbreaking technology for freshwater production. This "battery desalination" approach can achieve more than 3x higher capacity for salt removal than established capacitive deionization, much like a lithium-ion battery that can store a lot more energy than a capacitor. This research will allow highly qualified personnel to enter the important water purity industrial sector. Our focus on advanced battery research inherently lends itself to interdisciplinary research and welcomes students from all backgrounds and gender. Our three topic areas (LIB, LMB, and DSB) all demand excellence in electrochemistry, but in turn offer solutions to three distinct societal challenges: clean energy, mobility and water.

我们研究高能锂离子电池(LIB)，开发寿命长的金属锂电池(LMB)，并创造革命性的高能效海水淡化设备，即所谓的“海水淡化电池”(DSB)，以履行我们集团的使命，让我们更接近拥有可持续能源、移动性和水的未来。先进的锂离子电池(LIB)-电池电动汽车(BEV)的大众市场应用主要受到电池组成本的阻碍，目前电池组成本仍占BEV成本的50%左右。为了降低电池成本，我们将使用更低成本的材料，通过充电到更高的电压来提高电池能量，并延长电池寿命。具体地说，我们将建造世界上第一个多通道在线电化学质谱仪(多OEM)，用于实时量化电池单元中产生的气体。我们将使用这一独特的工具首次准确量化新型无钴阴极的气体释放，这将阻止它们在商业电池中使用。金属锂电池(LMB)-锂金属负极作为一种将充电电池的能量密度提高~50%的技术，受到了工业界的极大关注。在所谓的“全固态电池”中使用聚合物或陶瓷电解液与锂金属阳极相结合，受到可制造性和成本的阻碍。我们追求另一条通往安全、高能LMBs的路线：将先进的液体电解液与不需要多余锂的无阳极电池相结合，因为所有锂都在生命开始时储存在阴极材料中。这项“高风险、高回报”的研究课题，可以为超远程BEV、电动卡车和飞机带来电池能量密度的突破。海水淡化电池(DSB)-目前还没有节能的海水淡化技术来应对日益严重的淡水短缺问题。在我们的实验室中，我们将电池技术与对环境主题的浓厚兴趣结合在一起，因此我们将展示将盐离子嵌入晶体主体结构-这一概念在锂离子电池领域广为人知，但在海水淡化领域是新的-可以成为淡水生产的一项开创性技术。这种“电池去盐”方法可以获得比现有的电容去离子高3倍以上的除盐能力，就像锂离子电池可以储存比电容器多得多的能量。这项研究将使高素质的人员进入重要的净水工业部门。我们对先进电池研究的关注本身就有助于跨学科研究，并欢迎来自各种背景和性别的学生。我们的三个主题领域(LIB、LMB和DSB)都要求卓越的电化学，但反过来又为三个不同的社会挑战提供解决方案：清洁能源、机动性和水。