Novel nanocarbon-based materials for in-depth and efficient gas decontamination through combined solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and adsorption paths

新型纳米碳基材料通过固态反应、多相催化和吸附路径相结合，实现深度、高效的气体净化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07019
• 负责人: FauteuxLefebvre, Clémence
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741552
• 关键词: Novel; nanocarbon; based; materials; depth

The undesired production of toxic gaseous compounds, such as sulphur oxides (SOx), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitrous oxides (NOx), is of vital concern to many industries. These chemical contaminants have serious negative environmental and health impacts. They can also have non-negligible adverse effects on the efficiency of the industrial processes themselves. Despite the variety of technologies existing to decrease their production and emission, these technologies cannot be successfully applied in all contexts. Furthermore, emission standards are becoming more stringent. New technologies are urgently needed to efficiently meet allowable concentration levels. The main objective of this research program is to develop efficient multifunctional materials for the removal of SOx, H2S and NOx from gaseous streams. Because the chemical composition of the gas to be treated and the operating temperature vary widely from one process to another, technological solutions have to be well adapted to the specific process. Therefore, we will develop multifunctional materials that exhibit versatility for a range of processes and effectiveness for more than one pollutant at a time. The materials will perform the capture process through solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and/or adsorption. They will be polyvalent under various operating conditions and process applications as well as having enhanced efficiency. Based on my prior work, the approach will be to functionalize carbon-based supports with metallic nanoparticles. The supports that will first be targeted are carbon nanofibers and cellulose nanofibers, as well as graphene oxide. These supports have the advantage, among others, of having a large external surface area and surface functionalities that can participate, and even play a key role, in the reaction and removal of gaseous contaminants. The metals will be selected for their catalytic ability as well as their role in the conversion of the contaminants by a solid-state reaction. To obtain and optimize efficient novel nanocarbon-based multifunctional materials for contaminant capture, the strategy will be to couple material characterization with the process analysis, especially through in situ characterization of the material and of surface species during the capture studies. This will facilitate the understanding of the capture mechanisms as well as the structural changes of the materials. This research program will train highly qualified personnel to conduct research leading to solutions for pressing environmental challenges. Governments are currently investing significant resources into environmentally sustainable practices. Developing technologies to emit fewer pollutants and to decrease pollutant emissions are currently of paramount importance. Novel materials for both emerging and established processes can be part of the solution to respond to these environmental challenges.

有毒气体化合物的产生，如硫氧化物（SOx）、硫化氢（H2S）和氮氧化物（NOx），是许多行业非常关注的问题。这些化学污染物对环境和健康有严重的负面影响。它们还可能对工业过程本身的效率产生不可忽视的不利影响。尽管现有各种技术可以减少其生产和排放，但这些技术不可能成功地应用于所有情况。此外，排放标准也越来越严格。迫切需要新的技术来有效地达到允许的浓度水平。该研究计划的主要目标是开发高效的多功能材料，用于从气体流中去除SOx， H2S和NOx。由于要处理的气体的化学成分和操作温度在不同的过程中变化很大，因此技术解决方案必须很好地适应特定的过程。因此，我们将开发多功能材料，这些材料在一次处理一种以上污染物的过程中表现出多功能性和有效性。这些材料将通过固态反应、多相催化和/或吸附来完成捕获过程。在各种操作条件和工艺应用下，它们将是多价的，并且具有提高的效率。基于我之前的工作，我们的方法是用金属纳米粒子功能化碳基支架。首先被瞄准的支撑材料是碳纳米纤维和纤维素纳米纤维，以及氧化石墨烯。这些支架的优点之一是具有较大的外表面积和表面功能，可以参与甚至在气体污染物的反应和去除中发挥关键作用。选择金属的依据是它们的催化能力以及它们在固体反应中将污染物转化的作用。为了获得和优化用于污染物捕获的高效新型纳米碳基多功能材料，将材料表征与过程分析相结合，特别是通过在捕获研究中对材料和表面物种进行原位表征。这将有助于理解捕获机制以及材料的结构变化。这一研究项目将培养高素质的人才进行研究，为紧迫的环境挑战找到解决方案。各国政府目前正在为环境可持续的做法投入大量资源。目前最重要的是发展减少污染物排放和减少污染物排放的技术。新兴和成熟工艺的新材料可以成为应对这些环境挑战的解决方案的一部分。