Novel nanocarbon-based materials for in-depth and efficient gas decontamination through combined solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and adsorption paths

新型纳米碳基材料通过固态反应、多相催化和吸附路径相结合，实现深度、高效的气体净化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07019
• 负责人: FauteuxLefebvre, Clémence
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718648
• 关键词: Novel; nanocarbon; based; materials; depth

The undesired production of toxic gaseous compounds, such as sulphur oxides (SOx), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitrous oxides (NOx), is of vital concern to many industries. These chemical contaminants have serious negative environmental and health impacts. They can also have non-negligible adverse effects on the efficiency of the industrial processes themselves. Despite the variety of technologies existing to decrease their production and emission, these technologies cannot be successfully applied in all contexts. Furthermore, emission standards are becoming more stringent. New technologies are urgently needed to efficiently meet allowable concentration levels. The main objective of this research program is to develop efficient multifunctional materials for the removal of SOx, H2S and NOx from gaseous streams. Because the chemical composition of the gas to be treated and the operating temperature vary widely from one process to another, technological solutions have to be well adapted to the specific process. Therefore, we will develop multifunctional materials that exhibit versatility for a range of processes and effectiveness for more than one pollutant at a time. The materials will perform the capture process through solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and/or adsorption. They will be polyvalent under various operating conditions and process applications as well as having enhanced efficiency. Based on my prior work, the approach will be to functionalize carbon-based supports with metallic nanoparticles. The supports that will first be targeted are carbon nanofibers and cellulose nanofibers, as well as graphene oxide. These supports have the advantage, among others, of having a large external surface area and surface functionalities that can participate, and even play a key role, in the reaction and removal of gaseous contaminants. The metals will be selected for their catalytic ability as well as their role in the conversion of the contaminants by a solid-state reaction. To obtain and optimize efficient novel nanocarbon-based multifunctional materials for contaminant capture, the strategy will be to couple material characterization with the process analysis, especially through in situ characterization of the material and of surface species during the capture studies. This will facilitate the understanding of the capture mechanisms as well as the structural changes of the materials. This research program will train highly qualified personnel to conduct research leading to solutions for pressing environmental challenges. Governments are currently investing significant resources into environmentally sustainable practices. Developing technologies to emit fewer pollutants and to decrease pollutant emissions are currently of paramount importance. Novel materials for both emerging and established processes can be part of the solution to respond to these environmental challenges.

硫氧化物 (SOx)、硫化氢 (H2S) 和一氧化二氮 (NOx) 等有毒气体化合物的意外产生是许多行业的重要关注点。这些化学污染物会对环境和健康产生严重的负面影响。它们还可能对工业流程本身的效率产生不可忽视的不利影响。尽管存在多种减少其产生和排放的技术，但这些技术无法在所有情况下成功应用。此外，排放标准也变得更加严格。迫切需要新技术来有效满足允许的浓度水平。 该研究计划的主要目标是开发高效的多功能材料，用于去除气流中的 SOx、H2S 和 NOx。由于一种工艺不同，待处理气体的化学成分和操作温度差异很大，因此技术解决方案必须很好地适应特定工艺。因此，我们将开发多功能材料，这些材料在一系列过程中表现出多功能性，并且一次对多种污染物有效。该材料将通过固态反应、多相催化和/或吸附来执行捕获过程。它们在各种操作条件和工艺应用下将是多价的，并且具有更高的效率。 根据我之前的工作，该方法将是用金属纳米粒子对碳基载体进行功能化。首先针对的载体是碳纳米纤维和纤维素纳米纤维，以及氧化石墨烯。这些载体的优点之一是具有较大的外表面积和表面功能，可以参与反应和气态污染物的去除，甚至发挥关键作用。将根据金属的催化能力以及它们在固态反应转化污染物中的作用来选择金属。 为了获得和优化用于污染物捕获的高效新型纳米碳基多功能材料，策略是将材料表征与过程分析结合起来，特别是通过在捕获研究期间对材料和表面物种进行原位表征。这将有助于理解捕获机制以及材料的结构变化。 该研究计划将培训高素质人员进行研究，为紧迫的环境挑战找到解决方案。各国政府目前正在将大量资源投入到环境可持续实践中。开发减少污染物排放和减少污染物排放的技术目前至关重要。适用于新兴和成熟工艺的新型材料可以成为应对这些环境挑战的解决方案的一部分。