Novel nanocarbon-based materials for in-depth and efficient gas decontamination through combined solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and adsorption paths

新型纳米碳基材料通过固态反应、多相催化和吸附路径相结合，实现深度、高效的气体净化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07019
• 负责人: FauteuxLefebvre, Clémence
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746793
• 关键词: Novel; nanocarbon; based; materials; depth

The undesired production of toxic gaseous compounds, such as sulphur oxides (SOx), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitrous oxides (NOx), is of vital concern to many industries. These chemical contaminants have serious negative environmental and health impacts. They can also have non-negligible adverse effects on the efficiency of the industrial processes themselves. Despite the variety of technologies existing to decrease their production and emission, these technologies cannot be successfully applied in all contexts. Furthermore, emission standards are becoming more stringent. New technologies are urgently needed to efficiently meet allowable concentration levels. The main objective of this research program is to develop efficient multifunctional materials for the removal of SOx, H2S and NOx from gaseous streams. Because the chemical composition of the gas to be treated and the operating temperature vary widely from one process to another, technological solutions have to be well adapted to the specific process. Therefore, we will develop multifunctional materials that exhibit versatility for a range of processes and effectiveness for more than one pollutant at a time. The materials will perform the capture process through solid-state reaction, heterogeneous catalysis and/or adsorption. They will be polyvalent under various operating conditions and process applications as well as having enhanced efficiency. Based on my prior work, the approach will be to functionalize carbon-based supports with metallic nanoparticles. The supports that will first be targeted are carbon nanofibers and cellulose nanofibers, as well as graphene oxide. These supports have the advantage, among others, of having a large external surface area and surface functionalities that can participate, and even play a key role, in the reaction and removal of gaseous contaminants. The metals will be selected for their catalytic ability as well as their role in the conversion of the contaminants by a solid-state reaction. To obtain and optimize efficient novel nanocarbon-based multifunctional materials for contaminant capture, the strategy will be to couple material characterization with the process analysis, especially through in situ characterization of the material and of surface species during the capture studies. This will facilitate the understanding of the capture mechanisms as well as the structural changes of the materials. This research program will train highly qualified personnel to conduct research leading to solutions for pressing environmental challenges. Governments are currently investing significant resources into environmentally sustainable practices. Developing technologies to emit fewer pollutants and to decrease pollutant emissions are currently of paramount importance. Novel materials for both emerging and established processes can be part of the solution to respond to these environmental challenges.

对许多行业来说，不希望的有毒气态化合物（例如硫氧化物（SOX），硫化氢（H2S）和一氧化物（NOX））对许多行业至关重要。这些化学污染物具有严重的负面环境和健康影响。他们还可能对工业过程本身的效率产生不可忽略的不利影响。尽管存在各种用于降低其生产和排放的技术，但这些技术并不能在所有情况下成功应用。此外，排放标准变得越来越严格。迫切需要新技术有效地达到允许浓度水平。该研究计划的主要目的是开发有效的多功能材料，以从气体流中去除SOX，H2S和NOX。由于要处理的气体的化学成分和工作温度因一个过程而异，因此技术解决方案必须很好地适应特定过程。因此，我们将开发多功能的材料，这些材料一次为多种污染物而言，可为多种过程和有效性表现出多功能性。材料将通过固态反应，异质催化和/或吸附进行捕获过程。它们将在各种操作条件和流程应用程序以及提高效率下是多价。根据我的先前工作，该方法将是用金属纳米颗粒功能化基于碳的支持。最初将针对的支撑物是碳纳米纤维和纤维素纳米纤维以及氧化石墨烯。这些支撑物具有具有较大的外部表面积和表面功能的优势，这些功能可以参与，甚至在气态污染物的反应和去除中发挥关键作用。将选择金属的催化能力以及通过固态反应在污染物转化中的作用。为了获得并优化有效的新型纳米基的多功能材料，以捕获污染物，该策略将与过程分析相结合，尤其是通过捕获研究期间材料和表面物种的原位表征。这将有助于理解捕获机制以及材料的结构变化。该研究计划将培训高素质的人员进行研究，从而为应对环境挑战的解决方案进行研究。政府目前正在将大量资源投入到环境可持续的实践中。开发以减少污染物并减少污染物排放的技术目前至关重要。新兴过程和已建立过程的新型材料可能是应对这些环境挑战的解决方案的一部分。