Evolution, Development, and Ecology of Biomineralized Tissues

生物矿化组织的进化、发育和生态学

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2021-03756
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The evolution of bones and teeth is an adaptive breakthrough that led to the radiation of vertebrate animals. Not only do they provide support, energy, and increase functional capability, bones and teeth also capture a record of an animal's life history through the formation of growth marks and changes in chemical composition during biomineralization. This record is used to infer life history traits such as growth rates, time of reproduction, and survivorship, and ecological traits such as dietary preference and trophic levels in food webs. Fortuitously, this record can also be captured in fossilized remains, thereby allowing for an interpretation of life history traits and ecology in extinct animals based on patterns in living animals. However, the microanatomical structure of these growth marks and their formation and variation in living animals is not fully understood, especially how environmental factors like seasonality and limited resources impact biomineralization. The long-term objective of this research program is to integrate data from the fields of paleontology, evolutionary developmental biology (Evo-Devo), ecology, and geology to interpret the life history and ecological niche of extinct vertebrates through examination of bone and tooth ultrastructure. This research program will train 12 HQP over the next five years in both lab and field work. Different types of imaging and microscopy will be used, including computed tomography and optical microscopy, with a relatively new approach to studying vertebrate fossils at the nanoscale using transmission electron microscopy. Detailed characterization of growth marks in biomineralized tissues from the macro- to the nanoscale in living reptiles (leopard geckos and green anoles) will elucidate how these structures form, the rate at which they form, and under what conditions. Only then, armed with the information gathered from living animals, can meaningful interpretations of extinct animal ecology from fossilized growth marks be undertaken. Furthermore, analyzing the chemical composition of the biomineralized tissue in living animals is paramount to separating biological chemical signatures from diagenetic signatures in fossil material. Data collected from individuals can then be examined in a comparative context over long, million-year timescales to determine relationships between vertebrate life history and environmental change in deep time.
骨骼和牙齿的进化是一个适应性的突破,导致了脊椎动物的辐射。骨骼和牙齿不仅提供支撑、能量和增强功能,还通过生物矿化过程中形成的生长标记和化学成分的变化,记录了动物的生活史。这些记录被用来推断生命史特征,如生长速度、繁殖时间和存活率,以及生态特征,如饮食偏好和食物网的营养水平。幸运的是,这种记录也可以在化石遗骸中捕捉到,从而允许根据现存动物的模式来解释灭绝动物的生活史特征和生态。然而,这些生长标记的微观解剖结构及其在活体动物中的形成和变化尚未完全了解,特别是季节性和有限资源等环境因素如何影响生物矿化。本研究计划的长期目标是整合古生物学、进化发育生物学(Evo-Devo)、生态学和地质学等领域的数据,通过对骨骼和牙齿超微结构的检查来解释已灭绝脊椎动物的生活史和生态位。该研究计划将在未来五年内在实验室和现场工作中培训12名HQP。将使用不同类型的成像和显微镜,包括计算机断层扫描和光学显微镜,以及使用透射电子显微镜在纳米尺度上研究脊椎动物化石的相对较新的方法。从宏观到纳米尺度的生物矿化组织(豹纹壁虎和绿蜥)中生长标记的详细特征将阐明这些结构是如何形成的,它们形成的速度,以及在什么条件下形成的。只有这样,从现存动物身上收集到的信息武装起来,才能从化石生长标记中对灭绝动物生态进行有意义的解释。此外,分析活体动物生物矿化组织的化学成分对于分离化石材料中的生物化学特征和成岩特征至关重要。然后,从个体收集的数据可以在长达数百万年的时间尺度上进行比较,以确定脊椎动物生活史与深时间环境变化之间的关系。

项目成果

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Brink, Kirstin其他文献

Brink, Kirstin的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Brink, Kirstin', 18)}}的其他基金

Evolution, Development, and Ecology of Biomineralized Tissues
生物矿化组织的进化、发育和生态学
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2021-03756
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Evolution, Development, and Ecology of Biomineralized Tissues
生物矿化组织的进化、发育和生态学
  • 批准号:
    DGECR-2021-00364
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Launch Supplement
The Development of Complex Tooth Shapes in Reptiles as a Model for the Evolution of Heterodonty in Mammals
爬行动物复杂牙齿形状的发展作为哺乳动物异齿进化的模型
  • 批准号:
    538372-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Banting Postdoctoral Fellowships Tri-council
The Development of Complex Tooth Shapes in Reptiles as a Model for the Evolution of Heterodonty in Mammals
爬行动物复杂牙齿形状的发展作为哺乳动物异齿进化的模型
  • 批准号:
    538372-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Banting Postdoctoral Fellowships Tri-council
Evolutionary trends and relationships of dimetrodon
异齿龙的进化趋势和关系
  • 批准号:
    393032-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral
Evolutionary trends and relationships of dimetrodon
异齿龙的进化趋势和关系
  • 批准号:
    393032-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral
Evolutionary trends and relationships of dimetrodon
异齿龙的进化趋势和关系
  • 批准号:
    393032-2010
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Postgraduate Scholarships - Doctoral

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Evolution, Development, and Ecology of Biomineralized Tissues
生物矿化组织的进化、发育和生态学
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    RGPIN-2021-03756
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.77万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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绿藻与一些两栖动物共生的生态学、进化和发展
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Ecology, evolution and development of a symbiosis between a green alga and some amphibians
绿藻与一些两栖动物共生的生态学、进化和发展
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  • 财政年份:
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绿藻与一些两栖动物共生的生态学、进化和发展
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  • 财政年份:
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绿藻与一些两栖动物共生的生态学、进化和发展
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