In-Depth Study of Feed Internal Molecular Structure and Nutrient Make-up within Cellular and Sub-cellular Dimensions Using Advanced Synchrotron Radiation Based Bioanalytical Techniques

使用先进的同步辐射生物分析技术深入研究细胞和亚细胞维度内的饲料内部分子结构和营养成分

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05101
• 负责人: Yu, Peiqiang
• 金额: $ 3.17万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743524
• 关键词: Depth; Study; Feed; Internal; Molecular

An understanding of relationships between complex feed constituents, molecular structure and the interaction of biological components and nutrient utilization in animals is important to economical and sustainable animal production. Feed utilization and availability are closely related to, NOT ONLY 1) total feed chemical composition, BUT ALSO, 2) feed intrinsic molecular structures and nutrient make-up, and 3) biological component matrix. Unfortunately, conventional "wet" chemical analysis can determine total chemical composition but fails to detect feed intrinsic molecular structures and biological component matrix due to destruction during the processing for chemical analysis. Recently, advanced synchrotron-radiation based infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IMS) has been developed as a non-destructive analytical technique. This technique, taking advantage of the extreme brightness of synchrotron light (million times brighter than sunlight), is able to generate spatially localized and ultra-structural chemical information within cellular and subcellular dimensions. This cutting-edge technique can provide four kinds of information simultaneously: tissue composition, tissue structure, tissue chemistry, and tissue environment. However, this technique has been found mainly for medical research, extremely rare for feed science and animal nutrition research. Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy (SR-X) is another cutting-edge technique. This technique can provide tissue chemical information on spatial distribution, oxidation state and chemical forms of mineral elements and is invaluable in unraveling the chemistry, bioavailability and toxicity of mineral elements. It is unknown whether these techniques can be used to discriminate and classify feed inherent structures and molecular structural changes induced by feed thermal processing methods. It is unknown whether it is possible to develop a diagnostic method for feed quality and nutrient metabolism and utilization prediction by applying knowledge of chemical and functional characteristics in relation to feed molecular spectroscopic characteristics. The objective of this proposed program is to use the advanced synchrotron-radiation based bioanalytical techniques (SR-IMS, SR-X) as a novel research tool to reveal feed inherent molecular structure and processing induced molecular structure changes in relation to nutrient utilization and availability in ruminant system. The final goal is to increase basic knowledge of the nutritional relevance of feed structure on a molecular basis. This research program will be completed in three phases and each phase consists of several experiments. Training highly qualified personal (1 MSc,1 PhD) will be one of high priority in this proposed program. It is anticipated that the proposed program will provide with a greater understanding the feed-animal interface and advance our basic scientific knowledge on interactive association between molecular structure and animal nutrition.

了解复杂的饲料成分、分子结构和生物组分的相互作用与动物营养利用之间的关系对于经济和可持续的动物生产至关重要。饲料利用率和可用性不仅与1）饲料总化学成分密切相关，还与2）饲料固有分子结构和营养成分组成以及3）生物成分基质密切相关。不幸的是，常规的“湿”化学分析可以确定总的化学组成，但由于在化学分析的处理过程中的破坏而不能检测饲料固有的分子结构和生物组分基质。近年来，先进的同步辐射红外显微光谱技术（SR-IMS）已发展成为一种无损分析技术。这种技术利用了同步加速器光的极端亮度（比太阳光亮一百万倍），能够在细胞和亚细胞维度内产生空间定位和超微结构的化学信息。这项尖端技术可以同时提供四种信息：组织成分、组织结构、组织化学和组织环境。然而，这项技术主要用于医学研究，用于饲料科学和动物营养研究的情况极为罕见。同步加速器X射线光谱（SR-X）是另一种尖端技术。该技术可以提供矿物元素的空间分布、氧化态和化学形态的组织化学信息，对于揭示矿物元素的化学性质、生物有效性和毒性具有重要价值。目前尚不清楚这些技术是否可以用于区分和分类饲料固有结构和由饲料热加工方法引起的分子结构变化。目前还不清楚是否有可能开发一种诊断方法，饲料质量和营养物质代谢和利用预测的化学和功能特性的知识，饲料分子光谱特性。本项目的目的是利用先进的同步辐射生物分析技术（SR-IMS，SR-X）作为一种新的研究工具，揭示饲料固有的分子结构和加工诱导的分子结构变化与反刍动物系统营养物质利用和有效性的关系。最终目标是在分子基础上增加饲料结构营养相关性的基本知识。该研究计划将分三个阶段完成，每个阶段包括几个实验。培养高素质的人才（1个硕士，1个博士）将是这个拟议计划的高度优先事项之一。预计拟议的计划将提供更好的理解饲料动物接口和推进我们的基础科学知识的分子结构和动物营养之间的相互关联。