In-Depth Study of Feed Internal Molecular Structure and Nutrient Make-up within Cellular and Sub-cellular Dimensions Using Advanced Synchrotron Radiation Based Bioanalytical Techniques

使用先进的同步辐射生物分析技术深入研究细胞和亚细胞维度内的饲料内部分子结构和营养成分

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05101
• 负责人: Yu, Peiqiang
• 金额: $ 3.17万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743524
• 关键词: Depth; Study; Feed; Internal; Molecular

An understanding of relationships between complex feed constituents, molecular structure and the interaction of biological components and nutrient utilization in animals is important to economical and sustainable animal production. Feed utilization and availability are closely related to, NOT ONLY 1) total feed chemical composition, BUT ALSO, 2) feed intrinsic molecular structures and nutrient make-up, and 3) biological component matrix. Unfortunately, conventional "wet" chemical analysis can determine total chemical composition but fails to detect feed intrinsic molecular structures and biological component matrix due to destruction during the processing for chemical analysis. Recently, advanced synchrotron-radiation based infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IMS) has been developed as a non-destructive analytical technique. This technique, taking advantage of the extreme brightness of synchrotron light (million times brighter than sunlight), is able to generate spatially localized and ultra-structural chemical information within cellular and subcellular dimensions. This cutting-edge technique can provide four kinds of information simultaneously: tissue composition, tissue structure, tissue chemistry, and tissue environment. However, this technique has been found mainly for medical research, extremely rare for feed science and animal nutrition research. Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy (SR-X) is another cutting-edge technique. This technique can provide tissue chemical information on spatial distribution, oxidation state and chemical forms of mineral elements and is invaluable in unraveling the chemistry, bioavailability and toxicity of mineral elements. It is unknown whether these techniques can be used to discriminate and classify feed inherent structures and molecular structural changes induced by feed thermal processing methods. It is unknown whether it is possible to develop a diagnostic method for feed quality and nutrient metabolism and utilization prediction by applying knowledge of chemical and functional characteristics in relation to feed molecular spectroscopic characteristics. The objective of this proposed program is to use the advanced synchrotron-radiation based bioanalytical techniques (SR-IMS, SR-X) as a novel research tool to reveal feed inherent molecular structure and processing induced molecular structure changes in relation to nutrient utilization and availability in ruminant system. The final goal is to increase basic knowledge of the nutritional relevance of feed structure on a molecular basis. This research program will be completed in three phases and each phase consists of several experiments. Training highly qualified personal (1 MSc,1 PhD) will be one of high priority in this proposed program. It is anticipated that the proposed program will provide with a greater understanding the feed-animal interface and advance our basic scientific knowledge on interactive association between molecular structure and animal nutrition.

了解复杂饲料成分、分子结构以及动物生物成分和营养利用之间的相互作用对于经济和可持续的动物生产非常重要。饲料利用率和可用性不仅与 1) 饲料总化学成分密切相关，而且还与 2) 饲料内在分子结构和营养成分以及 3) 生物成分基质密切相关。不幸的是，传统的“湿”化学分析可以确定总化学成分，但由于化学分析过程中的破坏而无法检测饲料的内在分子结构和生物成分基质。最近，先进的基于同步辐射的红外显微光谱（SR-IMS）已被开发为一种无损分析技术。该技术利用同步加速器光的极高亮度（比太阳光亮数百万倍），能够在细胞和亚细胞维度内生成空间局部和超结构化学信息。这项尖端技术可以同时提供四种信息：组织成​​分、组织结构、组织化学和组织环境。然而，这种技术主要用于医学研究，在饲料科学和动物营养研究中极为罕见。同步加速器 X 射线光谱 (SR-X) 是另一种尖端技术。该技术可以提供有关矿物元素的空间分布、氧化态和化学形式的组织化学信息，对于揭示矿物元素的化学、生物利用度和毒性具有不可估量的价值。目前尚不清楚这些技术是否可以用于区分和分类饲料固有结构和饲料热处理方法引起的分子结构变化。目前尚不清楚是否有可能通过应用与饲料分子光谱特征相关的化学和功能特征知识来开发饲料质量和营养代谢和利用预测的诊断方法。该计划的目标是使用基于先进同步辐射的生物分析技术（SR-IMS、SR-X）作为一种新颖的研究工具，以揭示饲料固有的分子结构和加工引起的与反刍动物系统中养分利用和可用性相关的分子结构变化。最终目标是在分子基础上增加饲料结构营养相关性的基本知识。该研究计划将分三个阶段完成，每个阶段由多个实验组成。培训高素质人才（1 名硕士，1 名博士）将是该拟议项目的高度优先事项之一。预计所提出的计划将有助于人们更好地了解饲料与动物的界面，并增进我们对分子结构与动物营养之间相互作用的基础科学知识。