The impact of oceanic microbial communities on marine biogeochemistry now and in the future

海洋微生物群落对现在和未来海洋生物地球化学的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-04060
• 负责人: LaRoche, Julie
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=745775
• 关键词: impact; oceanic; microbial; communities; marine

The overarching goal of the proposed research program is aimed at understanding the response of the microbial community (collectively phytoplankton and other microbes) to increasing seawater temperature and decreasing nutrient inventory and how this will affect primary productivity in the Northwest Atlantic (NWA) and other under-sampled regions of the world's ocean. A multi-pronged approach engages established microbial observatories in the NWA, including weekly to annual sampling of in-shore stations (Bedford Basin), spring and fall missions on the Scotian Shelf (in collaboration with DFO), and yearly sampling in the Labrador Sea. The research builds on established international collaborations (GEOMAR, WHOI) and develops new ones (AWI, IUEM, CIIMAR), thereby linking to international time-series and ensuring interoperability of the observations. Extending the research on microbial community structure and function within the context of the NWA, the PI will transfer her expertise to the study of microbial communities associated with the aquaculture industry. The proposed research builds on previous work on diazotrophs and nitrogen fixation as well as their associated microbial communities. In recent years, it has become clear that non-photosynthetic microbes make up the bulk of the diazotroph diversity. It is important to assess the contribution and function of the non-photosynthetic diazotrophs in the context of their global cell metabolism and within their characteristic microbial community, in addition to their ability to fix nitrogen. In a recent breakthrough in the PI's laboratory, the isolation of a widely distributed heterotrophic diazotroph has led to characterization of the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) linked to the diazotrophic lifestyle, a compound used in the synthesis of biodegradable plastic. Further studies will use transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches to elucidate the metabolism of this microorganism. The proposed research will rely on established time-series platforms to carry out the following objectives: i) With the microbial observatory in the NWA, establish the current baseline and associated variability in the microbial community to characterize strategic locations in the NWA (Coastal embayment, Scotian Shelf, and Labrador Sea). This will serve to explore how microbial community composition and metabolic function respond to changes in environmental conditions. ii) Perform manipulative experiments on natural microbial communities and new microbial isolates, including N2-fixing microbes (diazotrophs), from the Scotian Shelf and the NWA. iii) Transfer the developed approaches and the knowledge gained from objectives (i) and (ii) to specific aquaculture settings in order to compare and contrast microbial communities of salmon aquaculture farms and those of the surrounding coastal areas including the Scotian Shelf.

拟议研究计划的总体目标是了解微生物群落（浮游植物和其他微生物）对海水温度升高和营养物质库存减少的反应，以及这将如何影响西北大西洋（NWA）和世界海洋其他采样不足地区的初级生产力。一个多管齐下的方法从事建立微生物观测站在NWA，包括每周到每年的采样近岸站（贝德福德盆地），春季和秋季的任务在斯科舍大陆架（与DFO合作），并在拉布拉多海每年采样。该研究建立在现有国际合作（GEOMAR，WHOI）的基础上，并开发新的合作（AWI，IUEM，CIIMAR），从而与国际时间序列相联系，并确保观测的互操作性。在NWA的背景下，扩大对微生物群落结构和功能的研究，PI将把她的专业知识转移到与水产养殖业相关的微生物群落的研究。拟议的研究建立在以前的工作固氮和固氮以及相关的微生物群落。近年来，人们已经清楚，非光合微生物构成了固氮生物多样性的大部分。重要的是要评估的贡献和功能的非光合固氮菌在其全球细胞代谢的背景下，在其特征微生物群落，除了他们的固氮能力。在PI实验室最近的一项突破中，广泛分布的异养固氮生物的分离导致了与固氮生活方式相关的聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）的生产特征，这是一种用于合成可生物降解塑料的化合物。进一步的研究将使用转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法来阐明这种微生物的代谢。拟议的研究将依赖于已建立的时间序列平台，以实现以下目标：i）与NWA的微生物观测站一起，建立微生物群落的当前基线和相关变异性，以表征NWA（沿海海湾，斯科舍大陆架和拉布拉多海）的战略位置。这将有助于探索微生物群落组成和代谢功能如何响应环境条件的变化。㈡对来自斯科舍大陆架和西北大西洋的自然微生物群落和新的微生物分离株，包括固氮微生物（固氮菌）进行操作实验。㈢将所制定的方法和从目标（i）和（ii）中获得的知识转移到具体的水产养殖环境中，以便比较和对比鲑鱼水产养殖场和包括斯科舍大陆架在内的周边沿海地区的微生物群落。