Low-damage novel steel plate shear walls for improved seismic performance

加拿大东部和西部城市的地震风险是众所周知的。加拿大保险局2013年进行的地震风险评估研究强调，西部和东部地区地震造成的经济损失估计分别高达750亿美元和610亿美元。因此，需要开发具有增强的韧性和强度，同时在地震后保持基本无损坏的新结构系统。钢板剪力墙具有延性大、耗能能力强等优点，是一种有效的抗震抗侧力体系。然而，在设计水平地震下，预计传统SPSW会因填充板的屈曲和屈服以及边界构件的部分屈服而遭受严重损坏，从而导致地震后的大的残余侧向漂移。这可能会使这样一个受损的结构无法使用。在该结构可以使用之前，需要进行昂贵的维修或拆除和重建。此外，加拿大有大量的抗震缺陷的旧建筑，需要立即进行抗震改造。因此，本研究计划的长期目标是开发低损伤钢板剪力墙系统，显示出改善的延性，强度，耗能能力，并在极端事件中减少永久变形，并为这些新的结构系统开发设计指南和分析工具，供工程界使用。短期内，申请人将开发两种新型低损伤SPSW系统：i）具有刚性基座的SPSW系统，其中填充板仅连接到梁，以及ii）具有摇摆基座和易于更换的能量耗散熔断器的SPSW系统，其中填充板连接到梁和柱两者或仅连接到梁，并通过对新型低损伤SPSW系统进行广泛的实验测试和数值模拟，开发设计程序。 与传统的钢板剪力墙和其他抗侧力体系相比，低损伤钢板剪力墙体系具有许多优点。低损伤SC-SPSW系统具有一个新的功能，将帮助结构恢复原来的位置，限制损坏容易更换的保险丝，并允许结构保持在服务，即使在地震后。采用无摇摆基础、仅梁连接填充板的低损伤、高性能SPSW体系，可以很容易地实现对抗震性能较差的旧钢结构建筑的改造。因此，这里提出的替代方案可以用于新建筑以及现有建筑的抗震修复。这项研究的重要性是至关重要的，因为它确保了加拿大地震灾害的安全和保障。这项研究将使加拿大更接近拥有更安全和有弹性的基础设施。

Earthquake risks in the eastern and western Canadian cities are very well known. The seismic risk assessment study conducted by the Insurance Bureau of Canada in 2013 highlighted that the estimated economic losses from earthquakes could be as high as $75 and $61 billion in Western and Eastern regions, respectively. Thus, there is a need for the development of new structural systems that possess enhanced ductility and strength and at the same time remain essentially damage-free after an earthquake. Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) is an effective lateral load resisting system for buildings against earthquakes since it has large ductility and high energy absorption capacity. However, under the design level earthquake, conventional SPSWs are expected to experience significant damage through buckling and yielding in infill plates and partial yielding in the boundary members leading to large residual lateral drift following an earthquake. This could render such a damaged structure unusable. Costly repairs or demolition and reconstruction will be required before the structure can be made usable. Also, Canada has a large inventory of seismically deficient old buildings that require immediate seismic retrofitting. Thus, the long-term objective of this research program is to develop low-damage steel plate shear wall systems that show improved ductility, strength, energy dissipation capacity, and reduced permanent deformations during extreme events and also develop design guidelines and analysis tools for these new structural systems to be used by the engineering community. In the short term, the applicant will develop two novel low-damage SPSW systems: i) SPSW system with a rigid base where infill plate is connected only to the beams and ii) SPSW system with rocking base and easily replaceable energy dissipating fuses where infill plate is connected to both beams and columns or only to the beams, and develop design procedure by performing extensive experimental tests and numerical simulations on the novel low-damage SPSW systems. The proposed low-damage steel plate shear wall systems offer a lot of advantages over conventional SPSWs and other lateral load resisting systems. The low-damage SC-SPSW system has a novel feature that will help the structures regain original positions, limit damage to easily replaceable fuses, and allow structures to remain in service even after an earthquake. The low-damage high-performance SPSW system with beam-only connected infill plate and without the rocking base can easily be implemented to retrofit seismically deficient old steel buildings. Thus, the alternatives presented here can potentially be used for new construction as well as for seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings. The significance of this research is paramount, as it ensures improved safety and security against seismic hazards in Canada. This research will take Canada significantly closer to having a safer and resilient infrastructure.