Channeling sugar substrates into specific cell wall products through different nucleotide sugar transporters

通过不同的核苷酸糖转运蛋白将糖底物引导到特定的细胞壁产物中

• 批准号: 576923-2022
• 负责人: McFarlane, HeatherHE
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746505
• 关键词: Channeling; sugar; substrates; into; specific

All plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall: a polysaccharide-based extracellular matrix that provides mechanical support and protection to plant cells. Plant cell walls are also vast renewable bioresources, supplying dietary fibre; materials like cotton, linen, paper, and wood; and feedstocks for biomaterials and biofuels. Activated sugars, called nucleotide sugars, are the "building blocks" of all cell wall polysaccharides. Most of nucleotide sugars are made in the cytosol and must be transported into the Golgi apparatus via transporters to supply the enzymes that assemble polysaccharides inside the Golgi. The Ebert lab has characterized six of these transporters (URGT1-6) that are required for transport of activated rhamnose and galactose into the Golgi apparatus for polysaccharide synthesis. We hypothesize that these URGTs may be localized to different membrane compartments (cisternae) of the Golgi, where they may supply substrates for synthesis of different cell wall polysaccharides. The McFarlane lab has established several techniques for high-resolution sub-Golgi localization of both proteins and polysaccharides and we propose to apply these approaches to the URGT family. Through student exchanges and collaborative experiments, this proposal aims to determine whether the different URGTs are localized to different Golgi compartments and how this impacts cell wall polysaccharide synthesis. Understanding the roles that each of these URGTs play in transporting the building blocks of cell wall synthesis into the Golgi can improve our understanding of the organization of polysaccharide synthesis within the Golgi apparatus may open new avenues for fine-tuning cell wall synthesis for biotechnological and agricultural applications.

所有的植物细胞都被细胞壁包围：一种以多糖为基础的细胞外基质，为植物细胞提供机械支持和保护。植物细胞壁也是巨大的可再生生物资源，提供膳食纤维；棉、麻、纸、木等材料；以及生物材料和生物燃料的原料。活性糖，称为核苷酸糖，是所有细胞壁多糖的“基石”。大多数核苷酸糖是在细胞质中产生的，必须通过转运体运输到高尔基体中，以提供在高尔基体中组装多糖的酶。Ebert实验室已经鉴定了其中六种转运蛋白（URGT1-6），它们是将活化鼠李糖和半乳糖转运到高尔基体中进行多糖合成所必需的。我们假设这些urgt可能定位于高尔基体的不同膜室（池池），在那里它们可能为合成不同的细胞壁多糖提供底物。McFarlane实验室已经建立了几种高分辨率的蛋白质和多糖亚高尔基定位技术，我们建议将这些方法应用于URGT家族。通过学生交流和合作实验，本提案旨在确定不同的urgt是否定位于不同的高尔基区室，以及这如何影响细胞壁多糖的合成。了解这些urgt在将细胞壁合成的构建块运输到高尔基体中所起的作用，可以提高我们对高尔基体内多糖合成组织的理解，并为生物技术和农业应用的精细细胞壁合成开辟新的途径。