Energy to chemicals using direct electrical current flowing through dense beds

利用流过致密床的直接电流将能量转化为化学物质

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-03912
• 负责人: Nikrityuk, Petr
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746886
• 关键词: Energy; chemicals; using; direct; electrical

One promising energy storage technology is the direct conversion of electrical current into chemical energy, which is known as `electricity to chemicals' (E2C). One option to store electrical energy in chemicals is to use so-called steam methane reforming (SMR) and/or dry reforming of methane (DRM). SMR is the conversion of methane and steam to syngas (CO and H2), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Both processes require a large heat supply due to the highly endothermic character of SMR and DRM. The primary objective of this research project consists in gaining a fundamental understanding of the transport processes in a new type of fixed-bed reactor for endothermic reforming, e.g. steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane. This reactor consists of two sorts of spherical particles: electrically conductive particles and electrically nonconductive catalyst particles. The addition of catalyst particles can increase the conversion rate of endothermic chemical reactions. The main feature of this reactor is the application of electric resistance heating using the electrically conductive particles, which heat the nonconductive catalyst particles and reacting gas inside the reactor. The main purpose of this reactor is to store electricity produced from renewable sources in chemicals such as syngas. The so-called overproduced electricity can also be used, especially when electricity prices are negative. The proposed research focuses on the following aims: 1. Development and validation of a multiscale Euler Lagrange model describing transport processes (heat and mass transfer) of SMR and DRM occurring in polydisperse fixed beds heated by a direct current flowing through electrically conductive particles. Numerical investigation of the impact of scaleup on the reactor efficiency regarding methane conversion. 2. Experimental (lab-scale) and numerical studies of steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane driven by a direct current (DC) used to heat electrically conductive particles (using the Joule heating effect) to `sustain' the temperature for endothermic chemical reactions inside a fixed bed. The vision followed by the project in the long term consists in the development of new, efficient energy storage technologies to convert renewable energy and turn methane and carbon dioxide, which are basic greenhouse gases, into syngas which can be then used in the production of different chemicals. The short-term goal of this project consists in the development and validation of a comprehensive multiscale Euler-Lagrange-based computational model which can be used to predict the main parameters of a new type of fixed-bed reactor for steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane. The project's success will help advance knowledge on the fundamentals of steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane driven by the Joule heating effect, supplied by electricity from renewable energy sources such as the wind and sun.

一种很有前途的储能技术是将电流直接转换为化学能，这被称为“电化”（E2C）。在化学品中储存电能的一种选择是使用所谓的蒸汽甲烷重整（SMR）和/或甲烷干重整（DRM）。SMR是将甲烷和蒸汽转化为合成气（CO和H2），一种一氧化碳和氢气的混合物。由于SMR和DRM的高吸热特性，这两个过程都需要大量的热量供应。本研究项目的主要目标是对一种新型吸热重整固定床反应器的输运过程有一个基本的了解，例如蒸汽甲烷重整和甲烷干重整。该反应器由两种球形颗粒组成：导电颗粒和导电催化剂颗粒。催化剂颗粒的加入可以提高吸热化学反应的转化率。该反应器的主要特点是利用导电颗粒进行电阻加热，加热反应器内不导电的催化剂颗粒和反应气体。该反应堆的主要目的是将可再生能源产生的电力储存在化学物质中，如合成气。所谓的过剩电力也可以利用，特别是在电价为负的时候。本文的研究主要集中在以下几个方面：1。建立并验证了一个多尺度欧拉-拉格朗日模型，该模型描述了SMR和DRM在多分散固定床中发生的传递过程（传热和传质），该固定床由流过导电颗粒的直流电加热。放大对甲烷转化反应器效率影响的数值研究。2. 实验（实验室规模）和数值研究的蒸汽甲烷重整和甲烷干重整由直流驱动，用于加热导电颗粒（利用焦耳热效应），以“维持”温度的吸热化学反应在固定床内。从长远来看，该项目的愿景包括开发新的、高效的能源储存技术，以转换可再生能源，并将甲烷和二氧化碳（基本温室气体）转化为合成气，然后用于生产不同的化学品。本项目的短期目标是开发和验证基于欧拉-拉格朗日的综合多尺度计算模型，该模型可用于预测用于甲烷蒸汽重整和甲烷干重整的新型固定床反应器的主要参数。该项目的成功将有助于提高人们对由焦耳热效应驱动的蒸汽甲烷重整和甲烷干式重整基本原理的认识，这些原理由风能和太阳能等可再生能源提供电力。