Energy to chemicals using direct electrical current flowing through dense beds

利用流过致密床的直接电流将能量转化为化学物质

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-03912
• 负责人: Nikrityuk, Petr
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682320
• 关键词: Energy; chemicals; using; direct; electrical

One promising energy storage technology is the direct conversion of electrical current into chemical energy, which is known as electricity to chemicals' (E2C). One option to store electrical energy in chemicals is to use so-called steam methane reforming (SMR) and/or dry reforming of methane (DRM). SMR is the conversion of methane and steam to syngas (CO and H2), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Both processes require a large heat supply due to the highly endothermic character of SMR and DRM. ***The primary objective of this research project consists in gaining a fundamental understanding of the transport processes in a new type of fixed-bed reactor for endothermic reforming, e.g. steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane. This reactor consists of two sorts of spherical particles: electrically conductive particles and electrically nonconductive catalyst particles. The addition of catalyst particles can increase the conversion rate of endothermic chemical reactions. The main feature of this reactor is the application of electric resistance heating using the electrically conductive particles, which heat the nonconductive catalyst particles and reacting gas inside the reactor. The main purpose of this reactor is to store electricity produced from renewable sources in chemicals such as syngas. The so-called overproduced electricity can also be used, especially when electricity prices are negative. The proposed research focuses on the following aims:***1. Development and validation of a multiscale Euler Lagrange model describing transport processes (heat and mass transfer) of SMR and DRM occurring in polydisperse fixed beds heated by a direct current flowing through electrically conductive particles. Numerical investigation of the impact of scaleup on the reactor efficiency regarding methane conversion.***2. Experimental (lab-scale) and numerical studies of steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane driven by a direct current (DC) used to heat electrically conductive particles (using the Joule heating effect) to sustain' the temperature for endothermic chemical reactions inside a fixed bed. ***The vision followed by the project in the long term consists in the development of new, efficient energy storage technologies to convert renewable energy and turn methane and carbon dioxide, which are basic greenhouse gases, into syngas which can be then used in the production of different chemicals. The short-term goal of this project consists in the development and validation of a comprehensive multiscale Euler-Lagrange-based computational model which can be used to predict the main parameters of a new type of fixed-bed reactor for steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane. The project's success will help advance knowledge on the fundamentals of steam methane reforming and dry reforming of methane driven by the Joule heating effect, supplied by electricity from renewable energy sources such as the wind and sun.

一种很有前途的储能技术是将电流直接转化为化学能，这就是所谓的电化(E2C)。在化学品中储存电能的一种选择是使用所谓的蒸汽甲烷重整(SMR)和/或甲烷干法重整(DRM)。SMR是甲烷和蒸汽转化为合成气(CO和H2)的过程，合成气是一氧化碳和氢的混合物。由于SMR和DRM的高度吸热特性，这两种工艺都需要大量的热量供应。*本研究项目的主要目的在于对一种新型的吸热重整固定床反应器的传输过程有一个基本的了解，例如甲烷蒸汽重整和甲烷干法重整。该反应器由两种球形颗粒组成：导电颗粒和非导电催化剂颗粒。催化剂颗粒的加入可以提高吸热化学反应的转化率。该反应器的主要特点是利用导电颗粒进行电阻加热，加热反应器内的非导电催化剂颗粒和反应气体。该反应堆的主要目的是将可再生能源产生的电力储存在合成气等化学品中。所谓的生产过剩电力也可以使用，特别是在电价为负值的情况下。拟开展的研究主要集中在以下几个方面：*1.建立和验证了描述SMR和DRM在多分散固定床中传输过程的多尺度欧拉-拉格朗日模型。甲烷转化中放大对反应器效率影响的数值研究。*2.甲烷蒸汽重整和干式重整的实验(实验室规模)和数值研究。直流(DC)用于加热导电颗粒(利用焦耳加热效应)以维持固定床内吸热化学反应的温度。*该项目长期遵循的愿景包括开发新的、高效的能源储存技术，将可再生能源转化为甲烷和二氧化碳，这是基本的温室气体，然后可用于生产不同的化学品。该项目的短期目标是开发和验证一个基于欧拉-拉格朗日的综合多尺度计算模型，该模型可用于预测甲烷蒸汽重整和干法重整新型固定床反应器的主要参数。该项目的成功将有助于增进对焦耳加热效应驱动的甲烷蒸汽重整和干法甲烷重整基本原理的了解，焦耳加热效应由风能和太阳能等可再生能源提供电力。