Zn-Air Battery Pack Vehicle Powertrain Range Extender with Cell Change-Out With Overall Vehicle Durability Cost

该电池电动汽车(BEV)研究计划将开发一种动力总成模型，以设计两个储能系统(ESS)单元：一个更小、成本更低的初级锂离子(Liion)电池组，以及一个续航里程更长的锌空气电池组。锂离子电池已经成为解决电动汽车所需能量密度的一种有前途的解决方案。然而，锂离子电池现在仍然具有高成本的足够的能量密度，使其适用于长途旅行：为长途旅行提供动力所需的尺寸使得动力总成设计过于低效、笨重和昂贵，无法广泛用于商业应用。一个可行的解决方案是在日常通勤中使用较小的锂离子电池，再加上用于长途旅行的高能量密度续航里程扩展器，如锌空气电池。锌空气电池具有理论能量密度高、运行安全、材料成本低等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。该研究计划有三个主要目标：1)设计商业技术，通过设计能够扩大规模的新颖电池配置来提高锌空气包的耐用性。2)将开发一种可容纳锌空气包的模型动力总成，并探索“换出”电池或模块的概念。3)我们将开发新技术，允许更换电池组中的模块，以提高效率。拟议中的锌空气电池研究是在半电池上进行的，该计划将寻求提高全电池的耐用性，同时考虑寿命和能量密度之间的折衷。较厚的空气电极增加了电池的耐用性，但也降低了电池的能量密度，而较厚的锌电极会导致电池容量较高，但循环寿命会缩短。提出了一种三电极结构，其中锌电极用于氧还原反应和析氧反应电极，以提高循环稳定性。这项研究还将对锌空气电池的电池/模块更换进行可行性研究，因为一些模块的容量丧失速度比其他模块更快。与其更换整个组件，更换组件中的特定模块将更经济实惠。这项研究将检验包装设计的新技术，允许快速更换电池/模块，并通过设计模拟模型方法确定需要这些服务的最佳时间表。模拟研究将集中在改变可靠性和耐久性，以及模型退化评估设计，以代表现实的背包。这些发现将使BEV的长期部署在经济上更可行，在环境上更可持续。在电池移动动力总成的广泛领域中，对高素质的学生有很大的需求，他们将掌握电池制造材料的技能，电池退化，以及成本高的材料电极优化，以及汽车电池组的设计。

This battery electrical vehicle (BEV) research program will develop a powertrain model to design two energy storage systems (ESS) units: a smaller less costly primary lithium-ion (LiIon) battery pack, and a range-extending Zn-air battery pack. LiIon batteries have emerged as a promising solution to the energy density required for electric vehicles. However, LiIon batteries now still have high-cost sufficient energy density to make them practical for long trips: the size required to power long trips makes the powertrain design too inefficient, heavy, and costly to be widely commercial practicable. A viable solution is to employ a smaller LiIon battery for daily commuting, coupled with a high energy density range extender such as a Zn-air battery for longer trips. Zn-air batteries are promising because of this high theoretical energy density, as well as safe operation and lower-cost materials. The research program has three primary objectives: 1) Design commercial technology to increase Zn-air pack durability by designing novel cell configurations to enable scale-up. 2) Will develop a model powertrain that can accommodate a Zn-air pack, and explore the concept of `changing-out' cells or modules. 3) We will develop novel techniques that allow for changing-out modules within the battery packs for increased efficiency. The proposed Zn-air battery research has been conducted on a half-cell, and the program will seek to improve the durability of a full cell while factoring the compromise between lifespan and energy density. A thicker air electrode increases battery durability, but also decreases the energy density of the pack, while a thicker Zn electrode results in higher battery capacity but a reduced cycling life. A tri-electrode configuration, where the Zn electrode for the oxygen reduction reactions and oxygen evolution reaction electrodes, has been proposed to improve cycling stability. The research will also conduct a feasibility study of cell/module change-out for Zn-air packs, as some modules lose their capacity at a faster rate than others. Instead of changing out the entire pack, it would be more economically beneficial to replace a specific module within the pack. This research will examine new techniques for pack design that allow quick cell/module change-out and determine the optimal schedule for when these services are required through a design simulation model methodology. The simulation research will focus on changing reliability and durability rates, and model degradation evaluation design to represent a realistic pack. The findings will make the long-term deployment of BEVs more economically feasible and environmentally sustainable. There is a significant demand for highly qualified students will battery manufacturing materials skills, battery degradation, and cost quality materials electrode optimization, well as the design of vehicle battery packs for vehicles in a wide field of battery mobility powertrains.