Towards Zero GHG Emissions by Symbiotic Design and Operation of Industrial and Civic Entities

该研究计划的愿景是为由轻工业，民用建筑和个人交通部门组成的系统设计能源基础设施，这些部门目前排放加拿大40%的温室气体（GHG）排放量，使其综合GHG排放量为零。到目前为止，关于提高能源效率和减少温室气体排放的研究主要集中在各个部门的机会上。拟议研究的新奇之处在于，通过整合不同部门之间的能源系统，进一步减少温室气体排放。该计划的长期目标是设计一系列综合能源的民用和工业实体，这些实体的总体温室气体净排放量为零。例如，一个集群可能包含一个曲棍球竞技场、一个住宅区（市政建筑）、一个面包店、一个超市和一个啤酒厂（轻工业）。集群需要能够保持温室气体排放的目标水平，即使部门内能源需求类型的比例不同。研究的预期成果是一个设计路线图，显示集群的结构（集成度）和不同能源系统组件的大小如何随着温室气体排放的目标水平和气候变化导致的能源需求变化而变化。对于一个社区或城市所需的一套民用建筑和可能的轻工业工厂，短期（未来五年）。目标是：（i）确定集群的配置（ii）确定集成拓扑结构，使得集成系统不易受到级联网络故障的影响，（三）模块化系统组件的大小，以提供所需的冗余容量，提高系统对组件故障的恢复能力和灵活性，关于需求变化，（iv）定义系统配置变化（结构和组件容量）的最佳路线图，以实现指定水平的GHG排放，以及（vi）使用现有技术实现尽可能低的GHG排放。 长期（5至10年）我们的目标是设计净零温室气体排放的能源集群，能够满足因气候变化而不断变化的能源需求，能够抵御其组件的退化，并且如果一个或多个组件发生故障，不会遭受级联网络故障。 这项研究将使决策者能够预测自己能源系统的未来变化，并确定将其调整为净零的最佳途径。 在接下来的5年里，该计划将培养5名本科生，1名硕士，3位博士;新增3个PhD学生们将在今年的进步。五是DG补助金。除了在技术期刊上发表外，研究的概念性结果/高级别摘要将在广泛访问的媒体上发表，以提高对这些选择的认识。

The vision for this research program is to design energy infrastructures for systems that are comprised of light industries, civic buildings, and personal transportation sectors, currently emitting 40% of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Canada, such that their combined GHG emissions are net zero. Until now, the research on increasing energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions has focused on opportunities within individual sectors. Novelty of the proposed research is the focus on reducing GHG emission even further by integrating energy systems between different sectors. Long term goals of the program are to design clusters of energy-integrated civic and industrial entities that in their aggregate have net zero GHG emissions. For instance, a cluster may contain a hockey arena, a residential complex (civic structures), and a bakery, a supermarket, and a brewery (light industry). Clusters need to be able to maintain the targeted level of GHG emissions even for the varying ratios of the types of energy demands within sectors. Expected outcome of the research is a design roadmap showing how the structure of the clusters (degree of integration) and the sizes of different energy system components vary with the targeted level of GHG emissions and with changes in energy demands due to climate change. For a set of civic buildings and possible light industrial plants required for a community or a city, short term (next five yrs.) goals are: (i) identify configurations of clusters (what types of civic building and of industrial plants) that lead to stable (steady) GHG emissions reduction even when individual subsystem demands vary (ii) determine integration topology so that the integrated systems are not vulnerable to cascading network failures, (iii) modularize sizes of system components to provide redundant capacity required to increase system resilience to component failures and flexibility with respect to changes in demand, (iv) define optimal roadmap to system configuration changes (structure and component capacities) to achieve GHG emissions of specified level, and (vi) lowest possible GHG emissions with presently available technologies. Longer term (5 to 10 yrs.) goal is to design net zero GHG emissions energy clusters that can meet changing energy demands due to climate change, are resilient to degradation of its components, and do not suffer cascading network failures if one or more components malfunction. This research will enable decision makers to anticipate future changes in their own energy systems and determine the best pathways to modify them to be net zero. Over the next 5 yrs. the program will train 5 Undergrad, 1 M.A.Sc., and 3 Ph.D.; additional 3 Ph.D. students will be in progress in yr. 5 of DG grant. Besides publishing in technical journals, conceptual results / high level summaries of the research will be published in widely accessed media in order to raise awareness of these options.