Scanning Photoelectrochemical Microscopy and its Application to Biological Systems

扫描光电化学显微镜及其在生物系统中的应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05365
• 负责人: Kuss, Sabine
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747961
• 关键词: Scanning; Photoelectrochemical; Microscopy; its; Application

Electrochemistry with its ability to record currents in the femto-ampere range, which relates to only a few thousand electrons transferred per second in a redox process, represents an ideal tool to detect, monitor and quantify specific molecules interacting with a biological sample. Specialized micro- and nano-probes, such as micro-optical-ring (MOR) electrodes, consisting of optical fibers within an electrode sheath, allow localized irradiation and concurrent measurement of the electrochemical response of a sample. These probes have shown their usefulness in non-biological applications, but the opportunity no one has taken is the application of MOR electrodes to monitor radiation sensitive redox processes in biological systems on the micro- and nanoscale. The described program lies at the intersection of electrochemistry, analytical chemistry and biology and aims to better understand fundamental mechanisms related to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in biological cells under various environmental conditions. Complex biological systems are often difficult to investigate electrochemically, due to the large number of electrochemically active substances. Using SPECM, redox reactions can be monitored by their spectroscopic signature to differentiate between electrochemical contributions from different species. Moreover, targeted stimulation of single biological entities is challenging to achieve. The specific local illumination of single biological cells through MOR electrodes while measuring their electrochemical response will provide fundamental insight into the radiation induced production of ROS/RNS. This research aims to better understand the time response and efficiency of cellular coping and reaction mechanisms in the presence of stimulants and inhibitors, such as antioxidants. Students emerging from this program will be equipped with multidisciplinary skills and a knowledge base to succeed in their future academic or industrial career endeavors.

电化学具有记录毫微微安培范围内电流的能力，这与氧化还原过程中每秒仅转移几千个电子有关，代表了检测，监测和量化与生物样品相互作用的特定分子的理想工具。由电极护套内的光纤组成的专用微探针和纳米探针（例如微光环（莫尔）电极）允许局部照射和同时测量样品的电化学响应。这些探针已经显示出它们在非生物应用中的有用性，但是没有人抓住的机会是应用莫尔电极来监测微纳米级和纳米级上的生物系统中的辐射敏感的氧化还原过程。所描述的程序位于电化学，分析化学和生物学的交叉点，旨在更好地了解与各种环境条件下生物细胞中活性氧（ROS）和活性氮（RNS）生成相关的基本机制。复杂的生物系统通常很难进行电化学研究，这是由于大量的电化学活性物质。使用SPECM，氧化还原反应可以通过它们的光谱特征来监测，以区分来自不同物种的电化学贡献。此外，实现单一生物实体的靶向刺激具有挑战性。通过莫尔电极对单个生物细胞进行特定的局部照射，同时测量它们的电化学响应，将为辐射诱导的ROS/RNS产生提供基本的见解。本研究旨在更好地了解刺激剂和抑制剂（如抗氧化剂）存在下细胞应对和反应机制的时间反应和效率。从该计划中脱颖而出的学生将具备多学科技能和知识基础，以便在未来的学术或工业职业生涯中取得成功。