Cage-Enriched Macromolecules: Exploring New Dimensions in Materials Science

笼富集大分子：探索材料科学的新维度

• 批准号: 577156-2022
• 负责人: Nazemi, AliA
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748628
• 关键词: Cage; Enriched; Macromolecules; Exploring; New

Synthetic polymers are found in nearly all modern materials such as plastics, resins, coatings, elastics, and composites in nearly all aspects of daily life. The structure of monomers used to obtain such macromolecules dictates the microstructure of the resulting polymers by controlling how they can fold or pack together, which ultimately imparts different properties to materials at the macroscale. Polymers have traditionally been made from linear monomers, e.g. polyethylene, and ring-shaped-containing monomers, e.g. Kevlar. The latter are more rigid than the former. This translates into valuable mechanical properties such as their high mechanical strength. A third polymer microstructure, poly(cage)mers, can also be envisioned, being a result of connecting 3-dimensional cages as monomers. Despite several decades of efforts in this area, only two families of high-molecular weight poly(cage)mers have thus far been prepared and with great difficulty and poor efficiency: poly(propellane) and poly(adamantane). This is mainly due to difficulties in the development of viable synthetic methods to obtain stable and soluble/processable poly(cage)mers.This proposed research brings together three highly motivated early career researchers from three institutions (Dalhousie, UQAM, and UdeM) and two provinces (Quebec and Nova Scotia) to tackle challenges associated with accessing such fundamentally interesting and practically potentially advanced polymeric materials. We propose to use readily accessible phosphorus-nitrogen (PN) cages as a vehicle to explore new parameter space in materials science and discover emergent properties that are not available to analogous carbon-based (organic) materials. Since cages are rigid materials, containing them into a polymer chain might exhibit enhanced resistance to deformation, and since cages are mostly empty, materials derived from them should exhibit low density. Thus, we hypothesize that cage-dense materials will combine low density with high rigidity, making them very valuable for applications in the transportation, packaging, and aero-space industry.

合成聚合物几乎存在于所有现代材料中，如塑料，树脂，涂料，弹性材料和复合材料，几乎涉及日常生活的各个方面。用于获得这种大分子的单体的结构通过控制它们如何折叠或包装在一起来决定所得聚合物的微观结构，这最终在宏观尺度上赋予材料不同的性质。聚合物传统上由线性单体（例如聚乙烯）和含环状单体（例如Kevlar）制成。后者比前者更严格。这转化为有价值的机械性能，例如其高机械强度。也可以设想第三种聚合物微结构，聚（笼）聚体，其是连接三维笼作为单体的结果。尽管在这一领域进行了几十年的努力，但迄今为止仅制备了两个高分子量聚（笼）聚体家族，并且具有很大的困难和低效率：聚（螺桨烷）和聚（金刚烷）。这主要是由于在可行的合成方法，以获得稳定的和可溶性/可加工的聚（笼）mers.This拟议的研究汇集了三个高度积极的早期职业生涯的研究人员从三个机构（达尔豪西，UQAM和UdeM）和两个省（魁北克和新斯科舍省），以解决与访问这种根本上有趣的和实际潜在的先进的聚合物材料相关的挑战。我们建议使用容易获得的磷-氮（PN）笼作为工具，探索材料科学中的新参数空间，并发现类似碳基（有机）材料所不具备的新特性。由于笼是刚性材料，将它们包含在聚合物链中可能会表现出增强的抗变形性，并且由于笼大多是空的，因此由它们衍生的材料应该表现出低密度。因此，我们假设笼状致密材料将结合联合收割机低密度与高刚性，使它们在运输，包装和航空航天工业中的应用非常有价值。