Development of high performance and durable catalyst Layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells by focusing on ionic phase

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are in the early stage of commercialization, though mass production first requires cost reduction, increased performance, and durability. Each of these three challenges are directly related to the proper design for catalyst layers. The proposed research project aims at developing a novel catalyst layers structure for dry/low relative humidity operational conditions by focusing on the ionic phase of catalyst layers. Catalyst layer is a complex three-phase system that includes catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer, and which is responsible for the simultaneous transport of reactants, products, and charged species, including both electrons and protons. The proposed research will focus on the impact of different ionomer types, ratio, and design in catalyst layers on cell performance and durability as ionomer affects the ionic conductivity, catalyst utilization, mass transport, and binding materials. The project will also examine how the amount of ionomer applied can impact cell performance and durability.